NOTE: This translation was originally published on the China Copyright and Media blog, a project of DigiChina’s Prof. Rogier Creemers of the University of Leiden. It has not been edited, double-checked, or standardized with DigiChina’s original content. Read more.

 

This is an annotated translation of the Second Reading Draft of the Chinese Cybersecurity Law. Struck through text indicates text removed from the first draft, underlined text indicates text added to the second draft. This translation is based on ChinaLawTranslate’s translation of the first draft, to which I contributed and which is used with kind permission. 

Chapter I: General Provisions

Chapter II: Network Security Strategy, Planning and Promotion

Chapter III: Network Operations Security

Section 1: General Provisions

Section 2: Operations Security for Critical Information Infrastructure

Chapter IV: Network Information Security

Chapter V: Monitoring, Early Warnings, and Emergency Response

Chapter VI Legal Responsibility

Chapter VII: Supplementary Provisions

Chapter 1: General Provisions

Article 1: This law is formulated so as to ensure network security, to preserve cyberspace sovereignty, national security and societal public interest, to protect the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and to promote the healthy development of economic and social informatization.

Article 2: This law applies with respect to the construction, operation, maintenance and usage of networks, as well as the supervision and management of networks within the mainland territory of the People’s Republic of China.

Article 3: The State persists in equally stressing network security and informatization development, and abides by the directives of positive use, scientific development, management according to the law, and ensuring security; and advances the construction of network infrastructure, encouraging innovation and application of network technology, establishing and completing network security guarantee systems, and raising the capacity to protect network security.

Article 4: The State formulates and incessantly perfects a cybersecurity strategy, which clarifies the basic requirements and main objectives for cybersecurity, and puts forward cybersecurity policy, work tasks and measures for focus areas.

Article 5: The State adopts measures to monitor, defend against and deal with cybersecurity risks and attacks originating from inside and outside the territory of the People’s Reupblic of China, it protects crucial information infrastructure from attack, intrusion, interference and destruction, punishes unlawful and criminal cyber acts according to the law, and maintains security and order in cyberspace.

Article 6: The State advocates sincere, honest, healthy and civilized network conduct, adopts measures to raise the entire society’s network security awareness and level, promotes the dissemination of the Socialist core value view, and forms a good environment for the entire society to jointly participate in advancing network security.

Article 7: The State actively launches international exchange and cooperation in the areas of cyberspace governance, research and development of network technologies, formulation of standards, attacking cybercrime and illegality, and other such areas; promotes the construction of a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace, and the establishment of a multilateral, democratic and transparent cybergovernance system.

Article 8: The national cyberspace administration is responsible for comprehensively planning and coordinating network security efforts and related supervision and management efforts. The State Council Ministry of Industry and Information Technology controlling department for telecommunications, and public security, as well as other relevant departments, are responsible for network security protection, supervision and management efforts within the scope of their responsibilities, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Network security protection, supervision and management duties for relevant departments in people’s governments at the county level or above will be determined by relevant State regulations.

Article 9: Network operators launching operations and service activities must abide by the law and administrative regulations, respect social morality and commercial ethics, be sincere and trustworthy, implement cybersecurity ptorection duties, accept supervision from government and the social public, and bear social responsibility.

Article 10: The construction and operation of networks or provision of services through networks shall be in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and the mandatory requirements of State or industry standards; adopting technical measures and other necessary measures to protect network security and operational stability, effectively responding to network security incidents, preventing cyber crimes, and safeguarding the integrity, secrecy and usability of online data.

Article 11: Relevant network trade organizations are to, according to their Articles of Association, strengthen industry self-discipline, formulate behavioural network security norms, guide their members in strengthening network security protection according to the law, raise the protection levels of network security, and stimulate the healthy development of the industry.

Article 12: The State protects the rights of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to use networks according to the law; it promotes widespread network access, raises the level of network services, it provides secure and convenient network services to society, and guarantees the lawful, orderly and free circulation of network information.

Any person and organization shall, when using the network, abide by the Constitution and laws, observe public order and respect social morality, they must not endanger network security, and must not use the network to engage in activities harming national security, inciting subversion of the national regime or the overthrow of the Socialist system, propagating of terrorism and extremism, inciting ethnic hatred and ethnic discrimination, dissemination of violent, obscene and sexual information, slandering or defame others, upsetting social order, harming the public interest, infringing of other persons’ intellectual property or other lawful rights and interests fabricating and disseminating false information to disorder the economic order and social order, as well as to violate other persons’ reputations, privacy, intellectual property rights and other such lawful rights and interests.

Article 13: All individuals and organizations have the right to report conduct endangering network security to departments such as for network information, industry and information technology telecommunications, public security. Departments receiving reports shall promptly process them in accordance with law; where these do not fall within the responsibility of that department, it shall promptly transfer the matter to the department empowered to handle it.

Chapter II: Network Security Strategy, Planning And Promotion

Article 11: The State formulates a network security strategy, clarifying the basic requirements and main objectives of guaranteeing network security, putting forward and improving network security safeguard systems, raising the capacity for network security protection, stimulating the development of network security technology and industry, and moving forward policy measures to preserve network security with participation from the entire society, and so forth.

Article 12: The State Council departments for telecommunications, radio and television, energy, transportation, water conservancy, finance and other such industries and other relevant State Council departments shall, on the basis of the national network security strategy, compile network security plans concerning national security, major industries for the national economy and the people’s livelihood, and important fields, and organize their implementation.

Article 14: The State establishes and perfects a system of network security standards. The State Council administrative department for standardization and other relevant State Council departments, on the basis of their individual responsibilities, organize the formulation and timely revision of relevant national and industry standards for network security management as well as the security of network products, services and operations.

The State supports enterprises to participate in the formulation of national and industry standards for network security, and encourages enterprises to formulate enterprise standards that are stricter than the national or industry standards.

Article 15: The State Council and people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and directly-governed municipalities shall make comprehensively plans; expand their input; support key network security technology industries and programs; support network security technology research, development and application and, the popularization of secure and reliable cyber products and services; protect the intellectual property rights of technology protecting networks; support research and development institutions, higher education institutions, and enterprises to participate in State network security technology innovation programs.

Article 16: The State moves forward the construction of a socalized cybersecurity services system, and encourages relevant enterprises and bodies to launch security authentication, monitoring, risk asessment and other such security services.

Article 17: The State encourages the research and development of online data security protection and usage technology, it stimulates the openness of public data resources, and promotes technological innovation and economic and social development. 

The State supports the innovation of cybersecurity management methods, the utilization of new network technologies, and the enhancement of cybersecurity protection.

Article 18: All levels’ of people’s governments and their relevant departments shall organize and carry out regular network security publicity and education, and guide and stimulate relevant units in doing network security publicity and education work well.

The mass media shall conduct targeted network security publicity and education aimed at the public.

Article 19: The State supports enterprises and education or training institutions such as higher learning institutions and vocational schools, carrying out network security-related education and training, and employs multiple methods to cultivate talent in network security technologies, and promotes interaction of network security technology professionals.

Chapter III: Network Operations Security

Section 1: General Provisions

Article 20: The State implements a tiered network security protection system. Network operators shall fulfill the following security protection duties according to the requirements of the tiered network security protection system, to ensure the network avoids interference, damage or unauthorized visits, and to guard against network data leaks, theft or falsification:

1. Formulate internal security management systems and operating rules, determine persons responsible for network security, and implement network security protection responsibility;

1. Adopt technological measures to prevent computer viruses, network attacks, network intrusions and other actions endangering network security;

1. Adopt technological measures for recording and tracking the status of network operations, and for monitoring and recording network security incidents，and preserve network logs according to regulations for no less than six months;

1. Adopt measures such as data classification, back-up of important data, and encryption;

1. Other obligations as provided by law or administrative regulations.

Specific measures for tiered network security protection shall be provided for by the State Council.

Article 21: Network products and services shall comply with the relevant national and industry standards. Providers of network products and services must not install malicious programs; where their products and services have functions gathering users’ information, this shall be expressed to users and their consent obtained; when it is discovered that their network products or services have risks such as security flaws or leaks, they shall promptly inform users and adopt remedial measures, and report the matter to the relevant controlling department according to regulations.

Providers of network products and services shall continuously provide security maintenance for their products and services; and must not terminate providing security maintenance during the set time period or period agreed on with clients.

Where network products and services have functions to collect user information, theri provider shall indicate this to users and obtain agreement; where citizens’ personal information is collected, this shall abide by the provisions of this Law, as well as relevant laws and administrative regulations, concerning the protection of citizens’ personal information. 

Article 22: Critical network equipment and specialized network security products shall follow the compulsory requirements of relevant national and industry standards, and be safety certified by a qualified establishment or meet the requirements of a security inspection, before being sold. The national cyberspace administration together with the relevant departments of the State Council, formulate and release a catalog of critical network equipment and specialized network security products, and promote reciprocal recognition of safety certifications and security inspection results to avoid duplicative certifications and inspections.

Article 23: Network operators handling network access and domain registration services for users, handling stationary or mobile phone network access, or providing users with information publication services, shall require users to provide real identity information when signing agreements with users or confirming provision of services. Where users do not provide real identify information, network operators must not provide them with relevant services.

The State implements an online trustworty identity strategy, supports research and development of secure and convenient electronic identity confirmation technologies, and promotes mutual recognition and interoperability among different electronic identify confirmation technologies.

Article 24: network operators shall formulate emergency response plans for network security incidents, promptly addressing system leaks, computer viruses, network intrusions, network attacks and other such network security risks; and when network security incidents occur, immediately initiate the emergency response plan, adopt corresponding remedial measures, and report to the relevant competent departments in accordance with relevant provisions.

Article 25: Engaging in cybersecurity authentication, monitoring, risk assessment and other such activities, and the publication of cybersecurity information concerning system leaks, computer viruses, cyberattacks, cyber intrusions, etc., shall abide by relevant State provisions.

Article 26: Individuals or organization must not engage in network intrusions, or interfering with other networks ordinary functioning, theft of network data or any other activities harmful to network security ; they must not provide software or tools or methods for the specific use of making network intrusions, interfering with the ordinary functioning or defence measures of networks or theft of network data or other activities harmful to network security ; where they clearly know other persons engage in activities harming cybersecurity, they must not provide assistance such as technical support, advertising/promotion, or financial support etc.

Article 27: For the needs of national security and criminal investigation, investigating organs may request network operators provide necessary technological support and assistance in accordance with laws and regulations. Network operators shall provide technological support and assistance to public security bodies and national security bodies acting to maintain national security and investigate crime.

Article 28: The State supports cooperation between network operators in areas such as gathering, analyzing, reporting and responding to network security information, increasing the security safeguard capacity of network operators.

Relevant industry organizations shall establish robust network security protection rules and coordination mechanisms for their own industry’s websites, strengthen their analysis and evaluation of network security, and within a designated period of time shall undertake risk alerts for members, and shall support and coordinate members’ responses to risks.

Section 2: Operations Security For Critical Information Infrastructure

Article 29: The State implements key protections for basic information networks providing services such as public correspondence and radio and television broadcast; important information systems for important industries such as energy, transportation, water conservation, and finance, and public service areas such as electricity, water and gas utilities, medical and sanitation service and social security; military networks and government affairs networks for state organs at the sub districted city level and above; and networks and systems owned or managed by network service providers with massive numbers of users (hereinafter “critical information infrastructure”. Measures for establishing security safeguards for critical information infrastructure shall be enacted by the State Council. The State implements focus protection for crucial information infrastructure that, whenever it is destroyed, ceases to function or leaks data, may gravely harm national security, the national economy and the people’s livelihood, or the public interest, on the basis of the tiered cybersecurity protection structure. The concrete scope of crucial information infrastructure and security protection rules are formulated by the State Council

The State encourages network operators outside of critical inforamtion infrastructure to voluntarily participate in the crucial information infrastructure protection system.

Article 30: State Council departments such as for communications, radio and television, energy, transportation, water conservancy, and finance and other relevant departments of the State Council (hereinafter referred to as departments responsible for the protection of critical information infrastructures security protection efforts), are individually responsible for guiding and supervising operational security protection work for critical information infrastructure, In accordance with responsibilities provided by the State Council, departments responsible for the security protection of crucial information infrastructure respectively formulate and organize the implementation of crucial information infrastructure security plans for that sector or that area, and guide and supervise the operational security protection of critical information infrastructure.

Article 31: Construction of information infrastructure shall ensure that it has properties for supporting business stability and sustaining operations, and ensures that technical security measures are planned, established and used concurrently.

Article 32: Except as provided in article 17 of this Law, critical information infrastructure operators shall perform the following security protection duties:

1. Set up specialized security management institutions and persons responsible for security management, and conduct security background checks on those responsible persons and personnel in critical positions;

1. Periodically conduct network security education, technical training and skills assessment for employees;

1. Conduct disaster backups of important systems and databases;

1. Formulate emergency response plans for network security incidents, and periodically organize drills;

1. Other obligations as provided by law or administrative regulations.

Article 29: Key information infrastructure operators purchasing network products and services shall sign a security confidentiality agreement with the provider, clarifying duties and responsibilities for security and confidentiality.

Article 33: Key information infrastructure operators purchasing network products and services that might influence national security shall go through a security inspection organized by the national cyberspace administration and relevant departments of the State Council. Specific measures are provided separately by the State Council.

Article 34: Key information infrastructure operators purchasing network products and services shall sign a security confidentiality agreement with the provider, clarifying duties and responsibilities for security and confidentiality. (Translator’s: Article moved from original Article 29)

Article 35: Critical information infrastructure operators shall store citizens’ personal information, and other important data gathered and produced during operations, within the mainland territory of the People’s Republic of China Citizens’ personal information and important business data collected and produced by critical information infrastructure operators during their activities within the territory of the People’s Republic of China, shall be stored within the territory; where due to business requirements it is truly necessary to store it outside the mainland or provide it to individuals or organizations outside the mainland, a security assessment shall be conducted according to the measures jointly formulated by the national cyberspace administration and the relevant departments of the State Council . Where laws or administrative regulations provide otherwise, those provisions apply.

Article 36: At least once a year, critical information infrastructure operators shall conduct an inspection and assessment of their networks security and risks that might exists either personally, or through retaining a specialized institution; and submit a network security report on the circumstances of the inspection and assessment as well as improvement measures taken, to be sent to the relevant department responsible for critical information infrastructure security protection efforts and report the monitoring and assessment situation as well as improvement measures to the relevant department responsible for security protection of critical information infrastructure.

Article 37: The national cyberspace administration shall coordinate relevant departments as a whole, establishing a coordination mechanism. The following measures may be adopted in order to protect the security of critical information infrastructure:

1. With respect to random inspection testing of security risks to critical information infrastructure, [they may] propose measures for improvement, and when necessary to do so may appoint specialist inspection and detection institutions to undertake testing and evaluation for security risks;

1. Periodically organize critical information infrastructure operators to conduct emergency network security drills, increasing the level and coordination of responses critical information infrastructure responses to network security incidents.

1. Promote network security information sharing among relevant departments, critical information infrastructure operators, network security services institutions and relevant research institutions.

1. Provide technical support and assistance for network security emergency management and recovery and so forth.

Article 38: Information obtained by the national Internet information department and relevant departments during their work to protect critical information infrastructure, may only be used for cybersecurity needs, and may not be used for other purposes.

Chapter IV: Network Information Security

Article 39: Network operators shall establish and complete user information protection systems, strengthening protection of users personal information, privacy, and commercial secrets and strictly preserve the secrecy of user information they collect.

Article 40: Network operators collecting and using citizens’ personal information shall abide by principles of legality, propriety and necessity, explicitly stating the purposes, means and scope for collecting or using information, and obtaining the consent of the person whose data is gathered.

Network operators must not gather citizens’ personal information unrelated to the services they provide; must not violate the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or bilateral agreements to gather or use citizens’ personal information; and shall follow the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or agreements with users to process citizens’ personal information they have saved.

Network operators collecting or using citizens’ personal information shall disclose their rules for its collection and use.

Article 41: Network operators must strictly preserve the secrecy of,  and must not disclose, distort or damage  citizens’ personal information they collect, and must not sell or illegally provide it to others without the agreement of the person whose information is collected, citizens’ personal information may not be provided to others. Except where it has been processed in such a manner that it is impossible to distinguish a particular individual and it cannot be retraced.

Network operators shall adopt technological measures and other necessary to ensure the security of citizen’s personal information, and prevent the citizens’ personal information it gathers from leaking, damage or loss. When circumstances of information leaks, damage or loss occur, or might occur, remedial measures shall be immediately taken, users who might be affected shall be informed, and reports shall be made to the competent departments in accordance with regulations.

Article 42: Where citizens discover network operators have violated the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or bilateral agreements to gather or use their personal information, they have the right to request the network operators delete their personal information; where discovering that personal information gathered or stored by network operators has errors, they have the right to request the network operators make corrections.

Article 43: Individual or organization must not steal or use other illegal methods to acquire citizens’ personal information, and must not sell or unlawfully provide others with citizens’ personal information.

Article 44: Departments with duties of network safety supervision and management in accordance with law and their personnel, must keep citizens’ personal information, private information and commercial secrets they learn of in performing their duties strictly confidential, and must not leak, sell, or unlawfully provide it to others.

Article 45: Network operators shall strengthen management of information published by users, and where discovering information that the law or administrative regulations prohibits the publication or transmission of, they shall immediately stop transmission of that information, employ treatment measures such as deleting it, prevent the information from spreading, save relevant records, and report to the relevant competent departments.

Article 46: No electronic information sent or application software provided by any individual or organization No electronic information sent by electronic information submitters and application software provided by application software providers may install malicious programs, or may contain information that laws and administrative regulations prohibit the publication or transmission of.

Digital information distribution service providers and application software download service providers shall perform security administration duties; where they discover their users commit actions as provided in the previous Paragraph and where discovering that digital information distributors or application software providers have conduct provided for in the preceding paragraph, shall stop the provision of service and employ disposition measures such as deletion, storing relevant records and reporting to the relevant competent departments.

Article 47: Network operators shall establish network information security complaint and reporting platforms structures, publicly disclosing information such as the methods for making complaints or reports, and promptly accepting and handling complaints and reports relevant to network information security.

Network operators shall cooperate with Internet information departments and relevant departments conducting monitoring and investigations according to the law.

Article 48: The national cyberspace administration and relevant departments perform network security supervision and administration responsibilities; and where discovering information the release or transmission of which is prohibited by laws of administrative regulations, shall request the network operators stop transmission, employ disposition measures such as deletion, and store relevant records; for information described above that comes from outside mainland People’s Republic of China, they shall notify the relevant organization to adopt technological measures and other necessary measures to block the transmission of information.

Chapter V: Monitoring, Early Warnings, And Emergency Response

Article 49: The State establishes network security monitoring and early warning and information bulletin systems. The national cyberspace administration shall do overall coordination of relevant departments to strengthen collection, analysis and reporting efforts for network security information, and perform unified release of network security monitoring and early warning information in accordance with regulations.

Article 50: Departments responsible for critical information infrastructure security protection efforts shall establish and complete that industry or that field’s network security monitoring and early warning and information reporting systems, and report network security monitoring and early warning information in accordance with regulations.

Article 51: The national cyberspace administration coordinates relevant departments’ establish and completion of mechanisms for network security risk assessment and emergency response efforts, formulate network security incident emergency response plans, and periodically organize drills.

Departments responsible for critical information infrastructure security protection efforts shall formulate that industry or that field’s network security incident emergency response plans, and periodically organize drills.

Network security incident emergency response plans shall rank network security incidents on the basis of factors such as the degree of threat after the incident occurs and the scope of impact, and provide corresponding emergency response handling measures.

Article 52: When network security incidents are about to occur or where their probability of occurring increases, relevant departments of county-level people’s governments and above shall, according to their authority, and the procedures prescribed by relevant laws, administrative laws and regulations and State Council as per regulations, issue warning information corresponding to their rank, and according to the characteristics of the incident which is about to happen cybersecurity risk or harm which is likely to result, those departments may adopt the following measures:

1. Require that competent departments, institutions and personnel promptly gather and report relevant information and strengthen monitoring of the occurrence of network security incidents and the development of the situation cybersecurity risk;

1. Organize competent departments, institutions and specialist personnel to undertake analysis and evaluation of data from the network security incidents, and predict the incidents’ likelihood of occurrence, scope of impact and level of harm;

1. Publicly announce the prediction information and the results of analyses/evaluations which concern the public issue warnings about the cybersecurity risks to society, and publish measures to avoid or mitigate harm;

1. According to regulations publicly announce warnings as to harm from the network security incidents, and announce measures for avoidance and reduction of harm.

Article 53: On occurrence of network security incidents, relevant departments of people’s governments at the county level or above shall immediately initiate the network security incident emergency response plan shall be immediately initiated, an evaluation and assessment of the network security incident shall be conducted, network operators will be requested to adopt technological and other necessary measures, potential security risks will be eliminated, the threat prevented from growing, and cautionary measures prompt released to the public.

Article 54: Where provincial-level or higher People’s Governments’ relevant departments, in the process of carrying out their cybersecurity supervision and management duties, discover that relatively large security risks exist online or they discover security incidents, they may, according to the provided powers and procedures, conduct face-to-face talks with the statutory representative or main responsible persons of network operators. Network operators shall adopt measures, rectify the situation and eliminate danger according to requirements.

Article 55: Where sudden emergencies or production safety accidents occur as a result of network security incidents, it shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws such as the “Emergency Response Law of the People’s Republic of China” and the “Production Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China”.

Article 56: To fulfill the need to protect national security and social public order, and respond to major social security incidents, the State Council, or the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities with approval by the State Council, with the approval or by the decision of the State Council, may take temporary measures regarding network communications in certain regions may be taken, such as restricting it.

Chapter VI Legal Responsibility

Article 57: Where network operators do not perform network security protection duties provided for in articles 20 and 24 of this law, the competent departments will order corrections and give warnings; where corrections are refused or it leads to endangerment of network security or other such consequences, give a fine of between RMB 10,000 and 100,000; and fine the directly responsible management personnel between RMB 5,000 and 50,000.

Where critical information infrastructure operators do not perform network security protection duties provided for in articles 31, 32, 34 and 36 of this law, the competent departments will order corrections and give warnings; where corrections are refused or it leads to endangerment of network security or other such consequences, give a fine of between RMB 100,000 and 1,000,000; and fine the directly responsible management personnel between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

Article 58: Where providers of network products and services, electronic information transmission and application software providers exhibit any of the following conduct in violation of this law, Where, in violation of the provisions of Article 21 Paragraphs 1 and 2, or Article 46 Paragraph I, one of the following acts occurs, the relevant competent department orders corrections and gives warnings; where corrections are refused or it causes endangerment of network security or other consequences, a fine of between RMB 50,000 and 500,000 is given; and the persons who are directly in charge are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

1. Installing malicious programs;

1. Their products or services have functions collecting user information, without expressing this to users and obtaining their consent; Where risks such as security flaws or vulnerabilities exist in their products or services, but they not promptly inform the user and to take remedial measures; or do not report the matter to the relevant controlling department according to regulations

1. Unauthorized termination for the security maintenance of its products and services.

Article 59: Network operators violating the provisions of Article 23 Paragraph 1 of this law in failing to require users to provide truthful identity information or providing relevant services to users who do not provide truthful identity information, are ordered to make corrections by the relevant competent department; where corrections are refused or the circumstances are serious, a fine of between RMB 50,000 and 500,000 is given, and the relevant competent department may order a temporary suspension of operations, a suspension of business for corrections, closing down of websites, revocation of relevant operations permits, or cancellation of business licenses; persons who are directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

Article 60: Those who, in violation of the provisions of Article 25 of this Law, conduct cybersecurity authentication, monitoring or risk assessment activities, or publish cybersecurity information concerning system leaks, computer viruses, cyber attacks, etc. to society, will be ordered to rectify matters and be given a warning; where rectification is refused or where circumstances are grave, a fine of 10.000 Yuan to 100.000 Yuan is imposed, and the relevant controlling department is permitted to order the provisional cessation of business, cessation of business for rectification, closure of websites, cancellation of relevant business permits or revocation of the business licence; directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons are subject to a fine of 5.000 Yuan to 50.000 Yuan. 

Article 61: Those who, in violation of the provisions of Article 26 of this Law, engage in activities harming cybersecurity, or provide programmes or tools for the special purpose of engaging in acts harming cybersecurity, or provide technological support, advertising and marketing, payment, accounting and other such forms of assistance to others engaging in acts harming in cybersecurity, where it does not yet constitute a crime, will have their unlawful income seized by public security bodies, and are subject to five days or less of detention, a fine of 10.000 to 100.000 Yuan may additionally be imposed; where circumstances are relatively grave, they are to be punished by five to fifteen days of detention, and may be additionally be subject to a fine of 50.000 Yuan to 500.000 Yuan. 

Where work units commit acts as provided in the previous Paragraph, the public security body confiscates the unlawful income, imposes a fine of 50.000 to 500.000 Yuan, and imposes the directly responsible person in charge and other responsible persons according to the provisions of the previous Paragraph.

Persons receiving public order management punishments or criminal punishment for violations of the provisions of Article 26 of this Law, may not engage in work at crucial positions in cybersecurity management and network operations for the rest of their lives.

Article 62: Network operators and network product or service providers violating the provisions of Article 21 Paragraph III and Articles 40 to 42 of this law in infringing on the protections and rights of citizens’ personal information, are ordered to make corrections by the relevant competent department and may ,either independently or concurrently, be given warnings, confiscation of unlawful gains, and/or fined between 1 to 10 times the amount of unlawful gains, and where there are no unlawful gains, fined up to RMB 500,000; where the circumstances are serious, a fine of between RMB 50,000 and 500,000 is given, and the relevant competent department may order a temporary suspension of operations, a suspension of business for corrections, closing down of websites, revocation of relevant operations permits, or cancellation of business licenses; persons who are directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

Where violations of the provisions of Article 43 of this law in stealing or using other illegal means to obtain, illegally sell of illegally provide others with citizens’ personal information do not constitute a crime, the public security organs confiscate unlawful gains and give a fine of between 1 and 10 times the amount of unlawful gains, and where there are no unlawful gains, give a fine of up to RMB 500,000.

Article 63: Where critical information infrastructure operators violate article 33 of this law by using network products or services that have not had safety inspections or did not pass safety inspections, the relevant competent departments order the usage to stop, and give a fine in the amount of 1 to 10 times the purchase price; the persons who are directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

Article 64: Where critical information infrastructure operators violate the provisions of Article 35 of this law by storing network data outside the mainland territory, or provide network data to individuals or organizations outside of the mainland territory without going through a security assessment, the relevant competent department orders corrections, gives warnings, confiscates unlawful gains, gives fines between RMB 50,000 and 500,000, and may order a temporary suspension of operations, a suspension of business for corrections, closing down of websites, revocation of relevant operations permits, or cancellation of business licenses; persons who are directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000.

Article 65: Where network operators violate the provisions of Article 45 of this law by failing to stop the transmission of information that laws of administrative regulations prohibit the publication or transmission of, failing to employ disposition measures such as deletion or failure to preserve relevant records, the relevant competent department orders corrections, gives warnings, and confiscates unlawful gains; where corrections are refused or circumstances are serious, fines between RMB 50,000 and 500,000 are given, and a temporary suspension of operations, a suspension of business for corrections, closing down of websites, revocation of relevant operations permits, or cancellation of business licenses may be ordered; persons who are directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel are fined between RMB 10,000 20.000 and 100,000 200.000.

Where electronic information services providers and application software download service providers, have not performed their security obligations under this Act, punishment is in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Article 58: Publication or transmission of information that laws or administrative regulations prohibit the publication or transmission of, is punished in accordance with the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 66: Network operators in violation of the provisions of this law, in the following circumstances, shall correct their violation pursuant to orders of the relevant responsible department; if they refuse to correct or the circumstances are serious, they shall be fined not less than RMB 50,000 and not more than RMB 500,000; responsible personnel who are directly liable and other directly liable personnel shall be fined not less than RMB 10,000 and not more than RMB 100,000:

1. Failure to report network security risks or network security incidents to the relevant authorities;
2. Not adopting measures to cease the transmission of, or delete information of which the publication or dissemination is prohibited by laws and administrative regulations according to the requirements of relevant departments.
3. Refusal or obstruction of the competent departments in their lawful supervision and inspection;
4. Refusal to provide necessary support and assistance to public security bodies and national security bodies.

Article 67: Where there is conduct endangering network security in violation of article 22 of this law that does not constitute a crime, or where there is other conduct violating provisions of this law that constitutes a public security administrative violation, public security administrative sanctions are given in accordance with law. Those publishing or disseminating information of which the publication or dissemination is prohibited by the provisions of Article 12 Paragraph II of this Law, or other laws and administrative regulations are punished according to the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 68: Acts committed in violation of the provisions of this Law, will be entered into credit files according to the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, and published.

Article 69: Where state organ government affairs network operators do not perform network security protection duties as prescribed by this law, the organ at the level above or relevant department will order corrections; sanctions are given to the managers directly responsible and other directly responsible personnel.

Article 70: Where personnel of departments bearing network safety supervision and management duties, neglect their duties, abuse their office, or distort the law for personal gain, without constituting a crime, administrative sanctions are given in accordance with law.

Article 71: Where violations of the provisions of this law cause harm to others, civil liability is borne in accordance with law.

Article 72: Where violations of this Law constitute a crime, criminal responsibility is prosecuted in accordance with law. Where violations of the provisions of this Law constitute an act violating public order management, they will be subject to public order management punishment according to the law; where it constitutes a crime, criminal liability will be prosecuted according to the law.

Chapter VII: Supplementary Provisions

Article 73: For this law, the following terms have these meanings:

1. “Networks” refers to networks and systems comprised of computers or other information terminals and related equipment that follow certain rules and procedures for information gathering, storage, transmission, exchange and processing.

1. “Network safety” refers to taking necessary measures to prevent attacks, invasion, disturbance, undermining and unlawful use of networks, as well as unexpected accidents; causing the networks to be in a state of stable and reliable operation, as well as safeguarding the integrity, secrecy and usability of network information storage, transmission, and processing.

1. “Network operators” refers to the owners and administrators of networks, as well as network service providers using networks owned or administrated by others to provide related services; including basic telecommunications operators, network information service providers, major information system operators and so on.

1. “Network data” refers to all kinds of electronic data collected, stored, transmitted, processed, and produced through networks

1. “Citizen’s personal data” refers to a personal data — such as a citizen’s name, birth date, identification card number, personal bio-metric data, profession, residence, or telephone number — recorded electronically or by other means, as well as all other kinds of data from which a citizen’s identity may be determined, either by itself or combined with other data. refers to all kinds of information, stored in electronic or other form, which individually or in combination with other information allows the identification of a citizens’ individual identity, including but not limited to their name, date of birth, identity card number, personally distinctive biological information, address, telephone number, etc. 

Article 66: Operations security protection for storing and processing networks involving state secret information, in addition to following this law, shall also uphold laws, administrative regulations and rules on classification.

Article 67: Military network and information security protection measures are formulated will be provided for separately by the Central Military Commission.

Article 68: This law shall take effect on (day) (month) (year).

中华人民共和国网络安全法（草案）

    （二次审议稿）

    目　　录

第一章　总　　则

第二章　网络安全支持与促进

第三章　网络运行安全

第一节　一般规定

第二节　关键信息基础设施的运行安全

第四章　网络信息安全

第五章　监测预警与应急处置

第六章　法律责任

第七章　附　　则

    第一章　总　　则

    第一条　为了保障网络安全，维护网络空间主权和国家安全、社会公共利益，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，促进经济社会信息化健康发展，制定本法。

第二条　在中华人民共和国境内建设、运营、维护和使用网络，以及网络安全的监督管理，适用本法。

第三条　国家坚持网络安全与信息化发展并重，遵循积极利用、科学发展、依法管理、确保安全的方针，推进网络基础设施建设，鼓励网络技术创新和应用，建立健全网络安全保障体系，提高网络安全保护能力。

第四条　国家制定并不断完善网络安全战略，明确保障网络安全的基本要求和主要目标，提出重点领域的网络安全政策、工作任务和措施。

第五条　国家采取措施，监测、防御、处置来源于中华人民共和国境内外的网络安全风险和威胁，保护关键信息基础设施免受攻击、侵入、干扰和破坏，依法惩治网络违法犯罪活动，维护网络空间安全和秩序。

第六条　国家倡导诚实守信、健康文明的网络行为，推动传播社会主义核心价值观，采取措施提高全社会的网络安全意识和水平，形成全社会共同参与促进网络安全的良好环境。

第七条　国家积极开展网络空间治理、网络技术研发和标准制定、打击网络违法犯罪等方面的国际交流与合作，推动构建和平、安全、开放、合作的网络空间，建立多边、民主、透明的网络治理体系。

第八条　国家网信部门负责统筹协调网络安全工作和相关监督管理工作。国务院电信主管部门、公安部门和其他有关机关依照本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定，在各自职责范围内负责网络安全保护和监督管理工作。

县级以上地方人民政府有关部门的网络安全保护和监督管理职责按照国家有关规定确定。

第九条　网络运营者开展经营和服务活动，必须遵守法律、行政法规，遵守社会公德、商业道德，诚实信用，履行网络安全保护义务，接受政府和社会公众的监督，承担社会责任。

第十条　建设、运营网络或者通过网络提供服务，应当依照法律、行政法规的规定和国家标准的强制性要求，采取技术措施和其他必要措施，保障网络安全、稳定运行，有效应对网络安全事件，防范网络违法犯罪活动，维护网络数据的完整性、保密性和可用性。

第十一条　网络相关行业组织按照章程，加强行业自律，制定网络安全行为规范，指导会员加强网络安全保护，提高网络安全保护水平，促进行业健康发展。

第十二条　国家保护公民、法人和其他组织依法使用网络的权利，促进网络接入普及，提升网络服务水平，为社会提供安全、便利的网络服务，保障网络信息依法有序自由流动。

任何个人和组织使用网络应当遵守宪法法律，遵守公共秩序，尊重社会公德，不得危害网络安全，不得利用网络从事危害国家安全，煽动颠覆国家政权和推翻社会主义制度，宣扬恐怖主义和极端主义，宣扬民族仇恨和民族歧视，传播暴力、淫秽色情信息，编造、传播虚假信息扰乱经济秩序和社会秩序，以及侵害他人名誉、隐私、知识产权和其他合法权益等活动。

第十三条　任何个人和组织都有权对危害网络安全的行为向网信、电信、公安等部门举报。收到举报的部门应当及时依法作出处理；不属于本部门职责的，应当及时移送有权处理的部门。

    第二章　网络安全支持与促进

    第十四条　国家建立和完善网络安全标准体系。国务院标准化行政主管部门和国务院其他有关部门根据各自的职责，组织制定并适时修订有关网络安全管理以及网络产品、服务和运行安全的国家标准、行业标准。

国家支持企业、网络相关行业组织等参与网络安全国家标准、行业标准的制定，并鼓励企业制定严于国家标准、行业标准的企业标准。

第十五条　国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当统筹规划，加大投入，扶持重点网络安全技术产业和项目，支持网络安全技术的研究开发和应用，推广安全可信的网络产品和服务，保护网络技术知识产权，支持企业、研究机构和高等院校等参与国家网络安全技术创新项目。

第十六条　国家推进网络安全社会化服务体系建设，鼓励有关企业、机构开展网络安全认证、检测和风险评估等安全服务。

第十七条　国家鼓励开发网络数据安全保护和利用技术，促进公共数据资源开放，推动技术创新和经济社会发展。

国家支持创新网络安全管理方式，运用网络新技术，提升网络安全保护水平。

第十八条　各级人民政府及其有关部门应当组织开展经常性的网络安全宣传教育，并指导、督促有关单位做好网络安全宣传教育工作。

大众传播媒介应当有针对性地面向社会进行网络安全宣传教育。

第十九条　国家支持企业和高等院校、职业学校等教育培训机构开展网络安全相关教育与培训，采取多种方式培养网络安全人才，促进网络安全人才交流。

    第三章　网络运行安全

    第一节　一般规定

    第二十条　国家实行网络安全等级保护制度。网络运营者应当按照网络安全等级保护制度的要求，履行下列安全保护义务，保障网络免受干扰、破坏或者未经授权的访问，防止网络数据泄露或者被窃取、篡改：

（一）制定内部安全管理制度和操作规程，确定网络安全负责人，落实网络安全保护责任；

（二）采取防范计算机病毒和网络攻击、网络侵入等危害网络安全行为的技术措施；

（三）采取监测、记录网络运行状态、网络安全事件的技术措施，并留存网络日志不少于六个月；

（四）采取数据分类、重要数据备份和加密等措施；

（五）法律、行政法规规定的其他义务。

第二十一条　网络产品、服务应当符合相关国家标准的强制性要求。网络产品、服务的提供者不得设置恶意程序；发现其网络产品、服务存在安全缺陷、漏洞等风险时，应当及时告知用户并采取补救措施，并按照规定向有关主管部门报告。

网络产品、服务的提供者应当为其产品、服务持续提供安全维护；在规定或者当事人约定的期间内，不得终止提供安全维护。

网络产品、服务具有收集用户信息功能的，其提供者应当向用户明示并取得同意；收集公民个人信息的，应当遵守本法和有关法律、行政法规关于公民个人信息保护的规定。

第二十二条　网络关键设备和网络安全专用产品应当按照相关国家标准的强制性要求，由具备资格的机构安全认证合格或者安全检测符合要求后，方可销售。国家网信部门会同国务院有关部门制定、公布网络关键设备和网络安全专用产品目录，并推动安全认证和安全检测结果互认，避免重复认证、检测。

第二十三条　网络运营者为用户办理网络接入、域名注册服务，办理固定电话、移动电话等入网手续，或者为用户提供信息发布、即时通讯等服务，在与用户签订协议或者确认提供服务时，应当要求用户提供真实身份信息。用户不提供真实身份信息的，网络运营者不得为其提供相关服务。

国家实施网络可信身份战略，支持研究开发安全、方便的电子身份认证技术，推动不同电子身份认证之间的互认。

第二十四条　网络运营者应当制定网络安全事件应急预案，及时处置系统漏洞、计算机病毒、网络攻击、网络侵入等安全风险；在发生危害网络安全的事件时，立即启动应急预案，采取相应的补救措施，并按照规定向有关主管部门报告。

第二十五条　开展网络安全认证、检测、风险评估等活动，向社会发布系统漏洞、计算机病毒、网络攻击、网络侵入等网络安全信息，应当遵守国家有关规定。

第二十六条　任何个人和组织不得从事非法侵入他人网络、干扰他人网络正常功能、窃取网络数据等危害网络安全的活动；不得提供专门用于从事侵入网络、干扰网络正常功能和防护措施、窃取网络数据等危害网络安全活动的程序、工具；明知他人从事危害网络安全的活动的，不得为其提供技术支持、广告推广、支付结算等帮助。

第二十七条　网络运营者应当为公安机关、国家安全机关依法维护国家安全和侦查犯罪的活动提供技术支持和协助。

第二十八条　国家支持网络运营者之间在网络安全信息收集、分析、通报和应急处置等方面进行合作，提高网络运营者的安全保障能力。

有关行业组织建立健全本行业的网络安全保护规范和协作机制，加强对网络安全风险的分析评估，定期向会员进行风险警示，支持、协助会员应对网络安全风险。

    第二节　关键信息基础设施的运行安全

    第二十九条　国家对一旦遭到破坏、丧失功能或者数据泄露，可能严重危害国家安全、国计民生、公共利益的关键信息基础设施，在网络安全等级保护制度的基础上，实行重点保护。关键信息基础设施的具体范围和安全保护办法由国务院制定。

国家鼓励关键信息基础设施以外的网络运营者自愿参与关键信息基础设施保护体系。

第三十条　按照国务院规定的职责分工，负责关键信息基础设施安全保护工作的部门分别编制并组织实施本行业、本领域的关键信息基础设施安全规划，指导和监督关键信息基础设施运行安全保护工作。

第三十一条　建设关键信息基础设施应当确保其具有支持业务稳定、持续运行的性能，并保证安全技术措施同步规划、同步建设、同步使用。

第三十二条　除本法第二十条的规定外，关键信息基础设施的运营者还应当履行下列安全保护义务：

（一）设置专门安全管理机构和安全管理负责人，并对该负责人和关键岗位的人员进行安全背景审查；

（二）定期对从业人员进行网络安全教育、技术培训和技能考核；

（三）对重要系统和数据库进行容灾备份；

（四）制定网络安全事件应急预案，并定期组织演练；

（五）法律、行政法规规定的其他义务。

第三十三条　关键信息基础设施的运营者采购网络产品和服务，可能影响国家安全的，应当通过国家网信部门会同国务院有关部门组织的国家安全审查。

第三十四条　关键信息基础设施的运营者采购网络产品和服务，应当与提供者签订安全保密协议，明确安全和保密义务与责任。

第三十五条　关键信息基础设施的运营者在中华人民共和国境内运营中收集和产生的公民个人信息和重要业务数据应当在境内存储。因业务需要，确需向境外提供的，应当按照国家网信部门会同国务院有关部门制定的办法进行安全评估；法律、行政法规另有规定的，依照其规定。

第三十六条　关键信息基础设施的运营者应当自行或者委托网络安全服务机构对其网络的安全性和可能存在的风险每年至少进行一次检测评估，并将检测评估情况和改进措施报送相关负责关键信息基础设施安全保护工作的部门。

第三十七条　国家网信部门应当统筹协调有关部门对关键信息基础设施的安全保护采取下列措施：

（一）对关键信息基础设施的安全风险进行抽查检测，提出改进措施，必要时可以委托网络安全服务机构对网络存在的安全风险进行检测评估；

（二）定期组织关键信息基础设施的运营者进行网络安全应急演练，提高应对网络安全事件的水平和协同配合能力；

（三）促进有关部门、关键信息基础设施运营者以及有关研究机构、网络安全服务机构等之间的网络安全信息共享；

（四）对网络安全事件的应急处置与恢复等，提供技术支持与协助。

第三十八条　国家网信部门和有关部门在关键信息基础设施保护中获取的信息，只能用于维护网络安全的需要，不得用于其他用途。

    第四章　网络信息安全

    第三十九条　网络运营者应当建立健全用户信息保护制度，对其收集的用户信息必须严格保密。

第四十条　网络运营者收集、使用公民个人信息，应当遵循合法、正当、必要的原则，明示收集、使用信息的目的、方式和范围，并经被收集者同意。

网络运营者不得收集与其提供的服务无关的公民个人信息，不得违反法律、行政法规的规定和双方的约定收集、使用公民个人信息，并应当依照法律、行政法规的规定或者与用户的约定，处理其保存的公民个人信息。

网络运营者收集、使用公民个人信息，应当公开其收集、使用规则。

第四十一条　网络运营者不得泄露、篡改、毁损其收集的公民个人信息；未经被收集者同意，不得向他人提供公民个人信息。但是，经过处理无法识别特定个人且不能复原的除外。

网络运营者应当采取技术措施和其他必要措施，确保公民个人信息安全，防止其收集的公民个人信息泄露、毁损、丢失。在发生或者可能发生公民个人信息泄露、毁损、丢失的情况时，应当立即采取补救措施，告知可能受到影响的用户，并按照规定向有关主管部门报告。

第四十二条　公民发现网络运营者违反法律、行政法规的规定或者双方的约定收集、使用其个人信息的，有权要求网络运营者删除其个人信息；发现网络运营者收集、存储的其个人信息有错误的，有权要求网络运营者予以更正。

第四十三条　任何个人和组织不得窃取或者以其他非法方式获取公民个人信息，不得非法出售或者非法向他人提供公民个人信息。

第四十四条　依法负有网络安全监督管理职责的部门及其工作人员，必须对在履行职责中知悉的公民个人信息、隐私和商业秘密严格保密，不得泄露、出售或者非法向他人提供。

第四十五条　网络运营者应当加强对其用户发布的信息的管理，发现法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息的，应当立即停止传输该信息，采取消除等处置措施，防止信息扩散，保存有关记录，并向有关主管部门报告。

第四十六条　任何个人和组织发送的电子信息、提供的应用软件，不得设置恶意程序，不得含有法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息。

电子信息发送服务提供者和应用软件下载服务提供者，应当履行安全管理义务，发现其用户有前款规定行为的，应当停止提供服务，采取消除等处置措施，保存有关记录，并向有关主管部门报告。

第四十七条　网络运营者应当建立网络信息安全投诉、举报制度，公布投诉、举报方式等信息，及时受理并处理有关网络信息安全的投诉和举报。

网络运营者对网信部门和有关部门依法实施的监督检查，应当予以配合。

第四十八条　国家网信部门和有关部门依法履行网络信息安全监督管理职责，发现法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息的，应当要求网络运营者停止传输，采取消除等处置措施，保存有关记录；对来源于中华人民共和国境外的上述信息，应当通知有关机构采取技术措施和其他必要措施阻断传播。

    第五章　监测预警与应急处置

    第四十九条　国家建立网络安全监测预警和信息通报制度。国家网信部门应当统筹协调有关部门加强网络安全信息收集、分析和通报工作，按照规定统一发布网络安全监测预警信息。

第五十条　负责关键信息基础设施安全保护工作的部门，应当建立健全本行业、本领域的网络安全监测预警和信息通报制度，并按照规定报送网络安全监测预警信息。

第五十一条　国家网信部门协调有关部门建立健全网络安全风险评估和应急工作机制，制定网络安全事件应急预案，并定期组织演练。

负责关键信息基础设施安全保护工作的部门应当制定本行业、本领域的网络安全事件应急预案，并定期组织演练。

网络安全事件应急预案应当按照事件发生后的危害程度、影响范围等因素对网络安全事件进行分级，并规定相应的应急处置措施。

第五十二条　网络安全事件发生的风险增大时，省级以上人民政府有关部门应当按照规定的权限和程序，并根据网络安全风险的特点和可能造成的危害，采取下列措施：

（一）要求有关部门、机构和人员及时收集、报告有关信息，加强对网络安全风险的监测；

（二）组织有关部门、机构和专业人员，对网络安全风险信息进行分析评估，预测事件发生的可能性、影响范围和危害程度；

（三）向社会发布网络安全风险预警，发布避免、减轻危害的措施。

第五十三条　发生网络安全事件，应当立即启动网络安全事件应急预案，对网络安全事件进行调查和评估，要求网络运营者采取技术措施和其他必要措施，消除安全隐患，防止危害扩大，并及时向社会发布与公众有关的警示信息。

第五十四条　省级以上人民政府有关部门在履行网络安全监督管理职责中，发现网络存在较大安全风险或者发生安全事件的，可以按照规定的权限和程序对该网络的运营者的法定代表人或者主要负责人进行约谈。网络运营者应当按照要求采取措施，进行整改，消除隐患。

第五十五条　因网络安全事件，发生突发事件或者安全生产事故的，应当依照《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》、《中华人民共和国安全生产法》等有关法律、行政法规的规定处置。

第五十六条　因维护国家安全和社会公共秩序，处置重大突发社会安全事件的需要，经国务院决定或者批准，可以在特定区域对网络通信采取限制等临时措施。

    第六章　法律责任

    第五十七条　网络运营者不履行本法第二十条、第二十四条规定的网络安全保护义务的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告；拒不改正或者导致危害网络安全等后果的，处一万元以上十万元以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员处五千元以上五万元以下罚款。

关键信息基础设施的运营者不履行本法第三十一条、第三十二条、第三十四条、第三十六条规定的网络安全保护义务的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告；拒不改正或者导致危害网络安全等后果的，处十万元以上一百万元以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

第五十八条　违反本法第二十一条第一款、第二款和第四十六条第一款规定，有下列行为之一的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告；拒不改正或者导致危害网络安全等后果的，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款：

（一）设置恶意程序的；

（二）对其产品、服务存在的安全缺陷、漏洞等风险未及时告知用户并采取补救措施，或者未按照规定向有关主管部门报告的；

（三）擅自终止为其产品、服务提供安全维护的。

第五十九条　网络运营者违反本法第二十三条第一款规定，未要求用户提供真实身份信息，或者对不提供真实身份信息的用户提供相关服务的，由有关主管部门责令改正；拒不改正或者情节严重的，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款，并可以由有关主管部门责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、关闭网站、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

第六十条　违反本法第二十五条规定，开展网络安全认证、检测、风险评估等活动，或者向社会发布系统漏洞、计算机病毒、网络攻击、网络侵入等网络安全信息的，责令改正，给予警告；拒不改正或者情节严重的，处一万元以上十万元以下罚款，并可以由有关主管部门责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、关闭网站、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处五千元以上五万元以下罚款。

第六十一条　违反本法第二十六条规定，从事危害网络安全的活动，或者提供专门用于从事危害网络安全活动的程序、工具，或者为他人从事危害网络安全的活动提供技术支持、广告推广、支付结算等帮助，尚不构成犯罪的，由公安机关没收违法所得，处五日以下拘留，可以并处一万元以上十万元以下罚款；情节较重的，处五日以上十五日以下拘留，可以并处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款。

单位有前款规定行为的，由公安机关没收违法所得，处十万元以上五十万元以下罚款，并对其直接负责的主管人员和其他责任人员依照前款规定处罚。

违反本法第二十六条规定，受到治安管理处罚或者刑事处罚的人员，终身不得从事网络安全管理和网络运营关键岗位的工作。

第六十二条　网络运营者、网络产品或者服务的提供者违反本法第二十一条第三款、第四十条至第四十二条规定，侵害公民个人信息依法得到保护的权利的，由有关主管部门责令改正，可以根据情节单处或者并处警告、没收违法所得、处违法所得一倍以上十倍以下罚款，没有违法所得的，处五十万元以下罚款；情节严重的，可以责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、关闭网站、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

违反本法第四十三条规定，窃取或者以其他方式非法获取、非法出售或者非法向他人提供公民个人信息，尚不构成犯罪的，由公安机关没收违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上十倍以下罚款，没有违法所得的，处五十万元以下罚款。

第六十三条　关键信息基础设施的运营者违反本法第三十三条规定，使用未经安全审查或者安全审查未通过的网络产品或者服务的，由有关主管部门责令停止使用，处采购金额一倍以上十倍以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

第六十四条　关键信息基础设施的运营者违反本法第三十五条规定，在境外存储网络数据，或者向境外提供网络数据的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告，没收违法所得，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款，并可以责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、关闭网站、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

第六十五条　网络运营者违反本法第四十五条规定，对法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息未停止传输、采取消除等处置措施、保存有关记录的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告，没收违法所得；拒不改正或者情节严重的，处十万元以上五十万元以下罚款，并可以责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、关闭网站、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款。

电子信息发送服务提供者、应用软件下载服务提供者，未履行本法第四十六条第二款规定的安全管理义务的，依照前款规定处罚。

第六十六条　网络运营者违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，由有关主管部门责令改正；拒不改正或者情节严重的，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，处一万元以上十万元以下罚款：

（一）未将网络安全风险、网络安全事件向有关主管部门报告的；

（二）不按照有关部门的要求对法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息，采取停止传输、消除等处置措施的；

（三）拒绝、阻碍有关部门依法实施的监督检查的；

（四）拒不向公安机关、国家安全机关提供技术支持和协助的。

第六十七条　发布或者传输本法第十二条第二款和其他法律、行政法规禁止发布或者传输的信息的，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定处罚。

第六十八条　有本法规定的违法行为的，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定记入信用档案，并予以公示。

第六十九条　国家机关政务网络的运营者不履行本法规定的网络安全保护义务的，由其上级机关或者有关机关责令改正；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。

第七十条　依法负有网络安全监督管理职责的部门的工作人员，玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊，尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予处分。

第七十一条　违反本法规定，给他人造成损害的，依法承担民事责任。

违反本法规定，构成违反治安管理行为的，依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

    第七章　附　　则

    第七十二条　本法下列用语的含义:

（一）网络，是指由计算机或者其他信息终端及相关设备组成的按照一定的规则和程序对信息进行收集、存储、传输、交换、处理的系统。

（二）网络安全，是指通过采取必要措施，防范对网络的攻击、侵入、干扰、破坏和非法使用以及意外事故，使网络处于稳定可靠运行的状态，以及保障网络数据的完整性、保密性、可用性的能力。

（三）网络运营者，是指网络的所有者、管理者和网络服务提供者。

（四）网络数据，是指通过网络收集、存储、传输、处理和产生的各种电子数据。

（五）公民个人信息，是指以电子或者其他方式记录的能够单独或者与其他信息结合识别公民个人身份的各种信息，包括但不限于公民的姓名、出生日期、身份证件号码、个人生物识别信息、住址、电话号码等。

第七十三条　存储、处理涉及国家秘密信息的网络的运行安全保护，除应当遵守本法外，还应当遵守保密法律、行政法规的规定。

第七十四条　军事网络的安全保护，由中央军事委员会另行规定。

第七十五条　本法自　　年　月　日起施行。