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CCP Central Committee General Office and State Council General Office Notice concerning Printing and Issuing the “2006-2020 National Informatization Development Strategy”
ZBF No. (2006)11
All provincial, autonomous region and municipal Party Committees and People’s Governments, all Centre and State bodies’ ministries and commissions, all Liberation Army general headquarters, all large work units, all People’s Organizations:
The “2006-2020 National Informatization Development Strategy” has been approved by the Party Centre and the State Council, it is hereby printed and issued to you, please earnestly implement it in integration with reality.
CCP Central Committee General Office
State Council General Office
19 March 2006
2006-2020 National Informatization Development Strategy
Informatization is a great trend in present global developments, and an important force to promote economic and social reform. Forcefully moving informatization forward is a strategic measure affecting the entire picture of our country’s modernization construction, and is an urgently needed and inevitable choice to implement the scientific development view, comprehensively construct a moderately prosperous society, build a harmonious Socialist society and construct an innovative country.
I, The basic trends of global informatization development
Informatization is the historical process of fully using information technology, developing the use of information resources, stimulating information exchange and knowledge sharing, raising the quality of economic growth, and promoting the transformation of economic and social development. Since the Nineties of the 20th Century, information technology has been incessantly innovated, the information industry has continued to develop information networks have broadened and spread, informatization has become a clear characteristic of global economic and social development, and progressively evolved into comprehensive social change. Entering the 21st Century, the influence of informatization on economic and social development is ever more profound. The broad application and profound penetration of information technology is nurturing new and major breakthroughs. Information resources are becoming more important factors of production, intangible assets and social wealth day by day. Information networks have spread ever more and converge more day by day. Informatization and economic globalization are intertwined, which promotes the deepening of the global division of industrial labour and the adjustment of economic structures, and remoulds the picture of global economic competition. The Internet has intensified the mutual agitation of all sorts of ideologies and cultures, and has become a new carrier for information dissemination and the distribution of knowledge. The role of E-government in raising administrative efficiency, improving government functioning and expanding democratic participation becomes clearer every day. The importance of information security grows with the times, and is becoming a common challenge faced by all countries. Information has brought major changes to the form of modern warfare, and is a core content of new global military changes. The global digital divide trends towards expansion, and the phenomenon of development imbalances is becoming graver every day. The development objectives for informatization of developed countries are becoming increasingly clear, and trends towards a transformation into an information society are emerging; ever more developing countries are actively welcoming the new opportunities brought by the development of informatization, and are striving to follow the tide of the times. Global informatization is triggering a deep change in the present world, and is remoulding the situation of global political, economic, social, cultural and military development. The acceleration of informatization and development has become a common choice of all countries in the world.
II, The basic situation of our country’s informatization development
(1) The situation of progress in informatization development
The Party Centre and the State Council have consistently paid high regard to informatization work. In the Nineties of the 20th Century, they successively initiated major informatization application project with the Golden Gate, Golden Card and Golden Tax as representative examples; in 1997, the National Informatization Work Conference was convened; the 5th Plenum of the 15th Party Congress raised informatization to the heights of national strategy; the 16th Party Committee made further strategic deployments to drive industrialization with informatization, stimulate industrialization with informatization, and march the path of new industrialization; the 5th Plenum of the 16th Party Congress again stressed moving forward with the informatization of the national economy and society, and accelerating the transformation of economic growth methods. During the “10th Five-Year Plan” period, the National Leading Group for Informatization carried out a comprehensive deployment of the focus points for informatization development, and made a series of important policy decisions on moving e-government forward, enlivening the software industry, strengthening information security protection, strengthening information resource exploitation and use, accelerating the development of e-commerce, etc. All localities and all departments have started from reality, earnestly implemented [these policies], incessantly explored and pioneered, and our country’s informatization construction has seen gratifying progress.
– Leap-frogging development has been realized in information network, which have become an important infrastructure supporting economic and social development. [We hold] first position worldwide in terms of telephone users and the scale of the network, second position worldwide in terms of Internet users and broadband access users, and radio and television networks basically cover all administrative villages nationwide.
– The information industry has continued its rapid development, and its contribution to economic growth has steadily increased. In 2005, the information industry’s added value amounted to a proportion of 7.2 per cent of GDP, making a contribution to economic growth of 16.6%. The export value of the electronic and information product manufacturing sector exceeded 30% of the total value of exports. A batch of core technologies with indigenous intellectual property rights has been grasped. The international competitiveness of a number of backbone enterprises is incessantly strengthening.
The application and effect of information technology in all areas of the national economy and society is becoming more notable every day. Agricultural information service systems are incessantly being perfected. Applied information technology transformation system industries are incessantly seeing new advances, and the levels of informatization in energy, communications and transport, metallurgy, machinery, chemistry and other such industries are gradually rising. The pace of transformation of traditional service sectors is accelerating, and information industries are springing up exuberantly. Financial informatization has moved financial service innovation forward, and the beginnings of modernized financial service systems have been shaped. E-commerce development trends are good, and the progress of informatization in science and technology, education, culture, medicine and healthcare, social security, environmental protection and other such areas is clearly accelerating.
– E-government is steadily developing, and is becoming and effective method to change government functions, raise administrative efficiency and move government openness forward. All levels’ government departments use information technology to broaden information openness, stimulate information resource sharing and move governmental coordination forward, which raised administrative efficiency, improved public services and effectively promoted the transformation of government functions. The results of the golden pass, gold card, gold tax and other such projects has been remarkable, the Golden Shield, the Golden Trial and other such projects have progressed smoothly.
– The exploitation and use of information resources has seen important advances. Basic information resource construction work has begun, the proportion of Chinese-language information on the Internet is steadily rising, and the level of exploitation and use of information resources is incessantly rising.
– Information security protection work is gradually being strengthened. A national information security strategy has been formulated and implemented, the beginnings of an information security management structure and work mechanisms have been established. The security protection levels of information networks and important information systems have clearly risen, Internet information security management has further strengthened.
– Basic informatization work has further improved. The construction of a legal system for informatization has progressively been moved forward, information technology standardization work has been gradually strengthened, informatization training work has been given high regard, and informatization talent teams have been incessantly expanded.
The basic experience of our country’s informatization development is: persisting in standing on the height of the national strategy, making informatization into a strategic measure covering the entire picture of modernization construction, correctly dealing with the relationship between informatization and industrialization, long-term planning and continuously moving forward. Persist in starting from national conditions, suiting measures to local conditions, make informatization into an important method of resolving real and pressing problems and difficulties in development, fully give rein to the role of information technology in all areas. Persist in putting exploitation and use of information resources in an important position, strengthen comprehensive coordination, stimulate interconnection, interoperability and resource sharing. Persist in integrating the guidance of absorbing advanced technology with strengthening indigenous innovation capacity, optimize and develop the information industry, progressively strengthen the capacity for autonomous equipment for informatization. Persist in equally stressing progress in informatization construction and safeguarding national information security, incessantly raise security protection levels of basic information networks and important information systems. Persist in grasping widespread education about information technology with priority, and raise citizens’ ability to use information technology
(3) Problems that require attention in informatization development
At present, a number of problems that need to be resolved urgently exist in our country’s informatization development, which are mainly manifested as: first, thought and understanding needs to be raised. Our country moves informatization forward under conditions where industrialization is incessantly accelerating and structural reform is incessantly deepening, informatization theory and practice is not yet sufficiently mature, the entire society’s understanding of the importance and urgency of informatization needs to be raised further. Second, information technology indigenous innovation capacity is insufficient. We mainly rely on import for core technology and key equipment . An innovation structure with enterprises at the centre urgently needs to be perfected, and indigenous equipment capacity urgently needs to be strengthened. Third, information technology application levels are not high. Overall, application levels have fallen behind real demand, the potential of information technology has not been fully unearthed; in a number of areas and regions, the effects of applications are insufficiently clear. Fourth, information security problems remain quite prominent. At a global level, computer viruses, online attacks, junk mail, system leaks, online theft of secrets, false and harmful information, online crime and other such problems are becoming more prominent every day, if they are not suitably dealt with, they might bring a detrimental influence on our country’s economic and social development, and national security. Fifth, the digital divide has somewhat expanded. There is a quite large difference between information technology application levels those of advanced countries. The information technology application levels and degree of network expansion in different domestic regions, different areas and among different groups is very unbalanced, the differences between town and country, between regions and sectors tend to expand, becoming a new factor influencing coordinated development. Sixth, structural and mechanism reform is relatively lagging. Under the constraint of all sorts of factors, informatization management systems remain imperfect, telecommunications supervision and management structure reform remains to be deepened, and the construction of a legal system for informatization must be further accelerated.
Through many years of development, our country’s informatization development now possesses a certain basis, and is entering a new period of omnidirectional and multi-level progress. Grasping opportunities, welcoming challenges, responding to the needs of transforming economic growth methods and comprehensively constructing a moderately prosperous societies, renewing development ideas, breaking through development difficulties, innovating development models, and forcefully moving informatization development forward, have all become important and urgent strategic tasks in a new stage of our country’s economic and social development.
III, The guiding ideology of and strategic objectives for our country’s informatization development
(1) Guiding ideology and strategic principles
The guiding ideology of our country’s informatization development is: taking Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important “Three Represents” thought as guidance, implementing the scientific development view, persisting in using informatization to drive industrialization and using industrialization to stimulate informatization, persisting in using reform, opening up and scientific and technological innovation as drivers to forcefully move informatization forward, fully giving rein to the important role of informatization in stimulating development in economics, politics, culture, society, military affairs and other such areas, incessantly raising national informatization levels, marching the path of informatization with Chinese characteristics, stimulating our country’s economy and society to develop both rapidly and well.
The strategic principles for our country’s informatization development are: comprehensive planning and resource sharing, deepening application, seeking real results, facing the market, standing on innovation, integrating the military and the people, security and reliability. We must put the scientific development view in command, make reform and opening up into a driver, strive to realize benign interaction between networks, applications, technologies and industries, stimulate network convergence, realize optimized resource allocation and information sharing. We must put demand central, fully give rein to the basic role of market mechanisms in resource allocation, and explore informatization development models with low costs and good effects. We must put people first, extend outcomes to the whole body of the people, and create an informatization development environment that the broad masses can access, can afford and can use well. We must put institutional innovation and technological innovation in an equally important position, perfect structures and mechanisms, promote original innovation, strengthen integrated innovation, and strengthen our ability for digestion of imports and re-innovation. We must promote the integration of the military and the people, and coordinate development. We must pay high regard to information security, correctly deal with the relationship between security and development, guarantee development with security, and seek security in development.
(2) Strategic objectives
The strategic objectives for our country’s informatization development until 2020 are: the basic spread of comprehensive information infrastructure, a clear strengthening of the indigenous innovation capacity in information technology, the overall optimization of information industry structures, a substantial rise in national information security protection levels, clear achievements to be obtained in the informatization of the national economy and the society, the preliminary establishment of new industrialization development models, the basic perfection of the institutional environment and policy systems for national informatization development, a clear rise in citizens’ capacity to apply information technology, and a firm basis laid for marching towards an information society. The concrete objectives are:
Stimulating the basic transformation of economic growth models. Broadly apply information technology, transform and upgrade traditional industries, develop information service sectors, promote the strategic adjustment of industrial structures. Deepen applied information technology, strive to reduce energy and material consumption of work units and products, expand supervision and control over environmental pollution, serve the development of a recycling economy. Fully use information technology to stimulate our country’s economic growth model to transform from manly relying capital and material input into mainly relying on scientific and technological progress and raising the quality of workers, raise the quality and effect of economic growth.
Realizing a leap in indigenous innovation of information technology, and the development of information industries. Effectively use both international and domestic markets and resources to strengthen digestion and absorption of imported technology, make breakthroughs in a batch of core technologies, grasp a batch of key technologies, realize a leap in information technologies from following and import to indigenous innovation, realizing a leap in the information industry from large to strong.
Raising network expansion levels, information resource exploitation and use levels, and information security protection levels. Grasp opportunities for the transformation of network technology, basically build a comprehensive information infrastructure that is leading internationally, integrates many networks, is secure and reliable. Establish scientific information resource views, raise information resources to a level of importance equal to that of energy, raw materials, etc., create conditions to develop intensive knowledge industries. Long-term mechanisms for information security are to be basically established, national information security protection systems are to become relatively perfect, information security protection capacities are to clearly strengthen.
Strengthening governments’ public service capacities, the dissemination capacity of Socialist advanced culture, the capacity for military transformation with Chinese characteristics and citizens’ information technology use abilities. E-government applications and service systems are to become more perfect every day, social management and public system is to be closely integrated, networked public service capacities are to be clearly strengthened. The network is to become an important channel for the dissemination of advanced culture, the inspiring force of advanced Socialist culture and the international influence of the Chinese nation’s excellent culture is to clearly strengthen. National defence and military informatization construction is to see major advances, defence and fighting capacities under conditions of informatization are to clearly strengthen. The popular masses’ education levels and information technology use abilities are to clearly rise, laying a firm basis for the construction of a study-type society.
IV, The strategic focus of our country’s informatization development
(1) Moving forward the informatization of the national economy
Move forward information services aimed at the “Three Rurals”. Use public networks, adopt many kinds of access methods, at prices that peasants can universally bear, to raise the popularization rate of rural networks. Integrate information resources related to agriculture, standardize and perfect public interest-type information intermediary services, build information service systems with integrated urban-rural planning, provide information services to the rural population related to markets, science and technology, education, healthcare, etc., support the rational and orderly circulation of surplus rural labour.
Use information technology to transform and upgrade traditional industries. Stimulate the broad application of information technology in energy, traffic and transportation, metallurgy, machinery, chemical engineering and other such sectors, move forward with the informatization of design, research and development, the digitization of production equipment, the intelligentification of production processes and the networking of business management. Fully utilize information technology to promote the transformation of high-energy consumption, high-material consumption and high-pollution sectors. Promote supply chain management and customer relation management, forcefully support the informatization of small and mid-size enterprises.
Accelerate the informatization of the services sector. Optimize policy, legal and regulatory environments, rely on information networks to transform and upgrade traditional services sectors. Accelerate the development of online added-value services, e-finance, modern logistics, chain operations, specialized information services, consultancy, intermediaries and other new services sectors. Forcefully develop e-commerce, reduce logistical costs and transaction costs.
Encourage regions meeting conditions to take the lead in developing knowledge-intensive industries. Guide regions where talent is concentrated and the informatization basis is good to take the lead in developing knowledge-intensive industries, and promote the strategic adjustment of economic structures. Fully utilize information technology to accelerate the spread of knowledge and technology from the Eastern region to the Central and Western regions, creating a new picture of regionally coordinated development.
(2) Move e-government forward
Improve public services. Progressively establish an e-government public service system with citizens and enterprises as targets, with the Internet as the basis, with coordination between the Centre and the localities, in which many kinds of technological methods are integrated. Give high regard to promoting the extension of e-government public services to neighbourhoods, communities and villages. Progressively strengthen service content, broaden service scopes, raise service quality and promote the construction of a service-type government.
Strengthen social management. Integrate resources, shape a social management information network with complete coverage, which is highly effective and acute, strengthen comprehensive social governance capacities. Work in coordination and engage in joint construction, perfect online operational mechanisms for social early warning and response to sudden incidents, strengthen supervision and control, policymaking and emergency response handling capacities for all sorts of sudden incidents, guarantee national security and public security, and safeguard social stability.
Strengthen comprehensive supervision and management. Satisfy the needs of the transformation of government functions, raising administrative efficiency and standardizing supervision and management activities, deepen the construction of corresponding professional systems. Focus on finance, baking, taxation, industry and commerce, customs, state assets supervision, quality inspection, food and drug security and other such crucial businesses, plan matters comprehensively, exercise guidance in a categorized manner, move information sharing forward between relevant business systems, and between the Centre and the localities in an orderly manner, stimulate professional coordination between departments, raise supervision and management capacity. Build enterprise and individual accounting systems, standardize and safeguard market order.
Perfect macro-level regulation. Perfect information systems for financial, banking and other economic operations, enhance forecasting, early warning and survey levels for the national economy, strengthen the effectiveness and scientific nature of macro-level regulation and policymaking.
(3) Building advanced network culture
Strengthen the online dissemination of advanced Socialist culture. Closely grasp the progressive direction of advanced Socialist culture, support healthy and beneficial culture, accelerate moving forward with the digitization and networking of excellent cultural works of the Chinese nation, standardize the online cultural dissemination order, ensure that scientific theories, correct public opinion, noble spirits and excellent works become the mainstream of online cultural dissemination.
Improve public cultural information services. Encourage press and publications, radio, film and television, literature and art, and other such sectors to accelerate the pace of informatization, raise the quality of cultural products, and strengthen the supply capacity of cultural products. Accelerate the integration of cultural information resources, strengthen the construction of public interest-type cultural information infrastructure, perfect public cultural information service systems, bring cultural products into thousands of households, and enrich the grass roots masses’ cultural lives.
Strengthen Internet foreign propaganda and cultural exchange. Closely grasp the advanced orientation of advanced Socialist culture, support healthy and beneficial culture, accelerate the promotion of a digitized, networked and standardized cultural dissemination order for the excellent cultural works of the Chinese nation, and ensure that scientific reason, correct public opinion, noble spirits and excellent works become the main stream of online cultural dissemination.
Improve public cultural information services. Encourage press and publications, radio, film and televisions, literature and art, and other such sectors to accelerate the pace of informatization, raise the quality of cultural products, strengthen cultural product supply capacity. Accelerate the integration of cultural information resources, strengthen public interest-type cultural information infrastructure construction, perfect public cultural information service systems, bring cultural products into tens of thousands of households, enrich the cultural lives of the grass roots masses.
Strengthen foreign propaganda and cultural exchange on the Internet. Integrate Internet foreign propaganda resources, strengthen the construction of Internet foreign propaganda, incessantly raise Internet foreign propaganda work integration levels, continue to enhance the effect of foreign propaganda, broaden the international influence of the excellent culture of the Chinese nation.
Construct a positive and healthy online culture. Advocate online civility, strengthen online moral restraints, establish and perfect norms for online behaviour, vigorously guide the broad masses’ online cultural creation practice, consciously resist corrosion by harmful content, renounce online acts of abuse and vulgar tendencies, comprehensively build a positive and healthy network culture.
(4) Promote social informatization
Accelerate the pace of informatization in education and research. Enhance the informatization levels of basic education, higher education and vocational education, continue to move rural modern long-distance education forward, realize high-quality education resource sharing, stimulate the balanced development of education. Build life-long education systems, develop multi-level, interactive online education and training systems, to make it convenient for citizens to study autonomously. Establish and perfect basic network platforms for nationwide education and scientific research, raise the networked use levels of education and scientific research facilities, promote the sharing of educational and scientific research resources.
Strengthen healthcare and hygiene informatization construction. Build and perfect public health information systems covering the entire country, that are rapid and high in efficiency, strengthen epidemic prevention and monitoring, emergency response and management, and treatment capacities. Move the informatization of healthcare services forward, improve hospital management, launch long-distance healthcare. Comprehensively plan electronic patient files, stimulate information sharing and professional coordination between treatment, drug and insurance bodies, support the structural reform of healthcare.
Perfect employment and social security information service systems. Build multi-level, multi-functional employment information service systems, strengthen employment information statistical, analysis and dissemination work, improve technical training, employment guidance and policy consultancy services. Accelerate the construction of a nationwide social security information system, raise work efficiency, improve service quality.
Move community informatization forward. Integrate various kinds of information systems and resources, build uniform community information platforms, strengthen informatized management of the permanent population and the floating population, improve community services.
(5) Perfect comprehensive information infrastructure
Promote network convergence, realize a transformation towards next-generation networks. Optimize network structures, raise network capacities, move forward with the development of comprehensive and basic information platforms. Accelerate reform, move “three-network integration” forward in areas including business, networks and terminals. Develop many kinds of broadband access, forcefully promote the application and dissemination of the Internet. Promote the development of cable, terrestrial, satellite and al other kinds of digital radio and television, perfect the transformation of radio and television from analogue to digital. Apply optical sensors, RFID and other such technologies to expand network functions, develop and perfect comprehensive information infrastructure, steadily realize transformation towards next-generation networks.
Establish and perfect universal service systems. Accelerate institution-building, focus on regions with many elderly and young inhabitants, poor and border regions and disadvantaged social groups, establish and perfect subsidy mechanisms with universal service funding as basis, supplemented by corresponding preferential policies, progressively expand universal service basic telecommunications and radio and television businesses towards Internet business. Strengthen macro-level management, broaden many kinds of channels, promote the pluralization of universal service market subjects.
(6) Strengthen the exploitation and use of information resources.
Establish and perfect information resource exploitation and sue systems. Accelerate the construction of national basic information banks concerning the population, legal persons and work units, geographic space, etc., and expand corresponding applied services. Guide and standardize he exploitation and use of the socialized added value of information resources. Encourage enterprises, individuals and other social organizations to participate in the public interest-type exploitation and use of information resources. Perfect intellectual property rights protection systems, forcefully develop modern information service sectors with digitization and networking as main characteristics, stimulate the exploitation and use of information resources. Fully give rein to the role of information resource exploitation and use in energy and resource use reduction, and the increase of efficiency, give rein to the guiding role of information flows for personnel flows, material flows and financial flows, stimulate the transformation of economic growth methods and the construction of a resource saving-type society.
Strengthen management of information resources in the entire society. Standardize the information collection in areas including production, logistics, finance, population movement as well as the ecological environment and other such areas, and the formulation of standards, strengthen rigorous management of information assets, stimulate the optimized allocation of information resources. Realize the profound exploitation, timely processing, secure storage, rapid circulation and effective use of information resources, fundamentally satisfy the information demands in priority areas in economic and social development.
(7) Raise the competitiveness of the information industry
Make breakthroughs in core technology and key technology. Establish technology innovation systems with enterprises at the core, strengthen integrated innovation, make breakthroughs in indigenous innovation, make breakthroughs in crucial technology. Choose products and programmes that have a high degree of technological connectedness and industrial stimulus, stimulate import, digestion and re-innovation, integrate industry, scholarship, research and use, realize indigenous innovation in crucial areas of information technology. Concentrate forces, overcome difficulties, progressively approach the centre from the periphery, move original innovation forward, strive to leap over barriers in key technologies, move forward with the construction of an innovative country.
Foster an information industry having core competitive capacities. Strengthen government guidance, make breakthroughs in development bottlenecks such as integrated circuits, software, crucial electronic components, crucial technological equipment and other such basic industries, raise our position in global industrial chains, progressively shape an information industry with advanced technology, a strong basis and strong indigenous development capacity. Optimize environments, guide enterprises’ asset mergers and cross-border acquisitions, promote industrial alliances, accelerate the fostering and development of large companies having core capacities and small and mid-size enterprises having technological specialties, establish competitive advantages. Accelerate the pace of “marching out”, encourage operational enterprises and manufacturing enterprises to join hands in expanding international markets.
(8) Build a national information security protection system
Comprehensively strengthen the construction of a national information security protection system. Persist in vigorous defence and comprehensive vigilance, explore and grasp the inherent laws of informatization and information security, actively respond to information security challenges, realize the coordinated development of informatization and information security. Persist in finding a footing on our national conditions, comprehensively balance security costs and risks, guarantee focus points, optimize information security resource allocation. Establish and perfect hierarchical information security protection systems, focus on protecting basic information networks and important information systems relating to national security, economic lifelines and social stability. Strengthen the research, development and use of encryption technology. Build online trust systems. Strengthen information security risk assessment work. Build and perfect information security monitoring systems, raise our capacity to respond to and prevent network security incidents, prevent the dissemination of harmful information. Give high regard to information security emergency response and handling work, complete and perfect information security emergency response and security reporting systems, incessantly perfect information security response and handling preparations and plans. Start from reality, stimulate resource sharing, focus on the construction of disaster back-ups, strengthen the anti-destruction capacity and disaster recovery capacity for basic information infrastructure and important information systems.
Forcefully strengthen national information security protection capacity. Vigorously follow, research and grasp advanced theories, ground-breaking technologies and development trends in the area of international information security, closely grasp the development of discovery and research of leaks and backdoors in information security technologies and products, grasp core security technologies, raise the capacity of core facilities and equipment, stimulate the indigenous development of our country’s information security technology and industry. Accelerate the fostering of information security talents, strengthen citizens’ consciousness about information security. Incessantly raise information security legal protection capacities, basic support capacities, online public opinion and propaganda control abilities and the influence of our country in the international information security area, establish and perfect long-lasting mechanisms to safeguard national information security.
(9) Raise citizens’ ability to use information technology, forge informatization talent teams.
Raise citizens’ ability to use information technology. Strengthen informatization knowledge training for leading cadres, extend information technology skills training for government officials. Coordinate with the modern distance learning project, organize volunteers to go deeply into old, ethnic, poor and border regions to engage in informatization knowledge and skills services. Broaden information technology education in primary and secondary schools. Launch informatization knowledge and skills popularization activities in many forms, to raise citizens’ education levels and information abilities.
Foster informatization talents. Build an informatization talent fostering system with school education as the basis, professional education as focus point, with mutual integration between basic education and professional education, and mutual support between public interest training and commercial training. Encourage all sorts of specialist talents to grasp information technology and foster comprehensive talents.
V, Our country’s strategic plan for informatization development.
In order to implement the strategic focus of national informatization development, guarantee that national information levels reach a new stage during the “11th Five-Year Plan” period, according to the principles of inheriting the past and ushering in the future, and leading the field with one point as model, give priority to formulating and implementing the following strategic action plans.
(1) Citizen information skills education and training plans.
Spread information technology education in primary and secondary schools nationwide, establish perfect basic information technology course structures, optimize course setups, enrich course content, raise teachers’ levels, improve teaching results. Popularize new education models, realize the organic integration of information technology and the teaching process, comprehensively move quality education forward.
Expand government financial input and policy support strength, guide social capital to participate, bring information skills training into national’ economic and social development plans. Rely on tertiary education institutes, primary and secondary schools, post offices, science and technology centres, libraries, culture stations and other public information infrastructure, as well as the Nationwide Cultural Information Resource Sharing Project, the Rural Party Member and Cadre Long-Distance Education Project, etc., to vigorously launch citizen information skills education and training.
(2) E-commerce action plans
Build environments, perfect policies, give rein to the central function of enterprises, forcefully move e-commerce forward, connect supply and demand chains, customer relations management, etc., with enterprise informatization at the basis and large-scale focus enterprises in the lead, guide small and mid-size enterprises to participate vigorously, shape integrated e-commerce value chains. Accelerate the construction of credit, verification, standards, payment and modern logistics, perfect accounting and settlement information systems, pay attention to linking tracks internationally, explore multi-level and pluralized e-commerce development methods.
Formulate and promulgate informatization development guidelines for small and mid-size enterprises, implement categorized guidance, give preferential support to the best, build public information service platforms facing small and mid-size enterprises, encourage small and mid-size enterprises to use information technology, stimulate small and mid-size enterprises to launch flexible and diverse e-commerce activities. Stimulate industry concentration regions, give rein to the superiority of specialist information service enterprises, contract outsourced services, assist small and mid-size enterprises to move informatization forward with low costs and low risks.
(3) E-government action plans
Standardize the collection and application of basic government affairs information, promote government information openness. Integrate e-government networks, construct government information resource exchange systems, completely support economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public service functions.
Establish e-government planning, budgeting, examination, approval, evaluation and comprehensive coordination mechanisms. Strengthen auditing and supervision of e-government construction investment and input. Clarify the relationships and professional links between programmes that are already established, under construction and to be constructed, progressively form uniform and standardized management systems and effect evaluation structures for e-government budgeting, basic construction, operations and maintenance.
94) Network media information resource exploitation and use plans
Exploit information resources in science and technology, education, press and publications, radio, film and television, literature and art, health, the “Three Rurals”, social security and other such areas, provide the popular masses with the digitized information services they need in production and life, build a number of strong, broadly influential, coordinated and connected Internet backbone website groups. Support the construction of focus State news websites. Encourage the exploitation and use of public interest network media information resources.
Formulate policies and measures, guide and encourage the construction of network media information resources, exploit excellent information products, comprehensively build a healthy network information environment. Focus on researching the laws of Internet communication and the profound influence of new technological developments on online media.
(5) Plans for narrowing the digital divide
Persist in government guidance and social participation, reduce discrepancies in information technology application levels between regions, between town and country, and between different social groups, create a social environment with equality of opportunity and coordinated development.
Expand support strength, comprehensively use all sorts of methods to accelerate the construction of information networks in the Central and Western regions and disseminate information services. Make the reduction of the digital divide between town and country into a focus content of comprehensive plans for economic and social development in town and country, move agricultural informatization and the construction of modern agriculture forward, serve the construction of a new Socialist countryside. Progressively establish free-of-charge or low price public service venues to access the Internet in administrative villages, towns and communities, provide information services in e-government, education and training, healthcare, care for the elderly, etc.
(6) Key information technology indigenous innovation plans.
In integrated circuits (especially central processing unit chips), system software, crucial application software, indigenous and controllable core equipment and other key areas involving indigenous development capacity, aim at the forefront of international innovation, expand input, focus on breakthroughs, progressively grasp the initiative in industrial development.
In mobile telecommunications, digital television, next-generation networking, frequency recognition and other such areas where there is a research basis and market prospects, give priority to start using standards with indigenous intellectual property rights, accelerate product development, popularization and application, drive industrial development.
VII, Guarantee measures for our country’s informatization development
In order to guarantee coordination and continuity in our country’s informatization development, and smoothly deploy our country’s strategic focus points and strategic actions for informatization development, the following guarantee measures are put forward.
(1) Perfect informatization development strategy research and policy systems
Closely follow the process of global informatization development, adapt to the needs of the strategic adjustment of economic structures, industrial upgrading and updating, and the transformation of economic growth methods, consistently deepen strategic research on informatization development, dynamically adjust informatization development objectives.
Make spreading the application of information technology into an important content for revising and perfecting all kinds of industrial policies. Clarify focus points, guarantee funds, raise industrialization to the level of broad application of intelligent tools, raise our country’s overall industrial competitiveness.
Make industrialization into a balancer and booster to stimulate coordinated regional development, enhance complementary advantages between regions and realize comparative advantages of regions with the Great Western Expansion, the North-Eastern Region and other such deployments for revitalizing and transforming old industrial bases, for the emergence of the central region as well as relevant national industrial bases and industry parks.
Formulate and perfect industrial policies for integrated circuits, software, basic electronic products, information security products, information security businesses and other such areas. Research and formulate informatization development policies to support large-scale Central enterprises.
(2) Deepen and perfect structural reform in the area of informatization development.
Perfect market access and withdrawal mechanisms, standardize legal person governance structures, promote fair and effective competition in the operational services market. Encourage and promote all sorts of broadband terminals and access technologies. Encourage professional innovation, provide support in market permits, resource allocation, technology standard, interconnection and interoperability and other such areas.
Research and explore uniform supervision systems that are suited to blend into networks and for the needs of informatization development. With creating an environment of fair competition and protecting consumer interests as focus points, accelerate the transformation of supervision and management ideas. Guard against and prevent improper competition. Progressively establish a telecommunications business pricing system with regulation by markets at the core.
(3) Perfect corresponding financial policies
On the basis of the demands of deepening investment in structural reform and financial structural reform, accelerate the research and formulation of financial policies for informatization, vigorously guide non-State owned capital to participate in informatization construction. Research and formulate financial policies suited to the informatization development of small and mid-size enterprises, perfect corresponding fiscal policies. Foster and develop information technology transfer and intellectual property rights trading markets. Perfect risk investment mechanisms and capital withdrawal mechanisms.
complete and prefect tendering and procurement mechanisms, progressively perfect industrial policies to support the development of the information industry. Expand State financial input in informatization development, support all sorts of fundamental and public interest work that is urgently needed for national informatization development, including the formulation of fundamental standards, research and development of fundamental information resources, the constructing of public Internet service venues, citizens’ information technology training, interdepartmental business system coordination and information sharing applications and programmes, etc. Perfect and strictly implement government procurement policies, give preference to the procurement of domestically-produced information technology products and services, realize the coordination of technological applications, research, development and innovation, and industrial development.
(4) Accelerate the formulation of application norms and technical standards
Strengthen government leadership, rely on major informatization application projects to accelerate the construction of industrial and technological standard systems with enterprises and sector associations as main pillars. Perfect technological structures for the application of information technology technological norms and standards for the industry, for products, etc., stimulate interconnection and interoperability of networks, compatible systems operations and information sharing. Accelerate the formulation of standards for basic information on the population, legal persons and work units, the geographic space, goods coding, etc. Strengthen intellectual property rights protection. Strengthen international cooperation, vigorously participate in the formulation of international standards.
(5) Move the construction of a legal system for informatization forward
Accelerate the process of constructing a legal system for informatization, appropriately deal with the relationships between the formulation, revision and abolition of laws and regulations, formulate and perfect laws and regulations in areas such as information infrastructure, e-commerce, e-government, information security, open government innovation, the protection of personal data and other such areas, create a favourable legal environment for informatization development. On the basis of the needs of information technology applications, timely revise and perfect laws and regulations concerning intellectual property rights, the protection of minors, e-certification and other such areas, strengthen international cooperation and exchange on constructing a legal system for informatization, vigorously participate in the research and formulation of related international norms.
(6) Strengthen Internet governance
Persist in the principles of vigorous development and strengthening management, participate in international dialogues, exchanges and consultations concerning Internet governance, promote the establishment of international Internet governance mechanisms on the basis of sovereignty and fairness. Strengthen sector self-discipline, guide enterprises to do business according to the law. Rationalize management systems, clarify management responsibilities, perfect management structures, correctly deal with the relationship between development and management, shape operational mechanisms that are suited to the laws and characteristics of Internet development.
Persist in the integration of legal, economic and technological means and necessary administrative measures, build governance mechanisms with mutual coordination and cooperation between government, enterprises, sector associations and citizens, with reciprocal rights and obligations, build a positive and healthy development environment for the Internet. Attack the use of the Internet to commit all sorts of unlawful and criminal activities according to the law, promote the healthy development of online information services.
(7) Expand informatization talent teams
Research and establish information talent statistics systems, launch informatization talent demand surveys, draft informatization talent plans, determine informatization talent focus work points. Establish categorized informatization talent guidance catalogues. Determine corresponding professional categories for informatization talents, formulate professional and technical standards.
Abide by the laws for the maturation of informatization talents, use informatization programmes as a pillar to foster high-level talents, innovative talents and comprehensive talents. Give rein to the basic role of market mechanisms in talent resource allocation, give high regard to “marching out and attracting in” work, import foreign talents, encourage foreign scholars to participate in national informatization construction.
(8) Strengthen international exchange and cooperation in informatization
Pay realistic attention to global informatization development trends, establish and perfect international exchange and cooperation mechanisms for informatization. Persist in the principles of equal cooperation and mutual benefit, vigorously participate in multilateral organizations, forcefully stimulate bilateral cooperation. Correctly grasp the new situations in the period of transition after our country acceded to the World Trade Organization, comprehensively plan domestic development and opening up to the outside world, realistically strengthen exchange and cooperation in areas such as information technology, information resources, talent training, etc.
(9) Perfect systems to move informatization forward
Realistically strengthen leadership, all major policy plans and affairs involving informatization must be authorized by the State Leading Group for Informatization. We must grasp the research and establishment of coordination systems to move information systems forward, which conform to the orientation of administrative structural reform, with a rationalized division of work and clear responsibilities. Expand the strength of coordination between government departments, clarify the duties and responsibilities of the central and local governments informatization construction, and strengthen professional guidance over the localities.
All localities and all departments must implement the spirit of the 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenums of the 16th Party Congress, suit measures to local conditions, accelerate the compilation of informatization development plans, formulate scientific informatization statistics and indicator systems, improve methods to evaluate informatization achievements, and perfect statistical assessment systems for national economic and social development, to ensure that informatization blends into the long-term plan for national economic and social development.
中共中央办公厅 国务院办公厅关于印发《2006—2020年国家信息化发展战略》的通知
中办发〔2006〕11号各省、自治区、直辖市党委和人民政府，中央和国家机关各部委，解放军各总部、各大单位，各人民团体：《2006—2020年国家信息化发展战略》已经党中央、国务院同意，现印发给你们，请结合实际认真贯彻落实。中共中央办公厅国 务 院 办 公 厅二〇〇六年三月十九日
2006—2020年国家信息化发展战略
信息化是当今世界发展的大趋势，是推动经济社会变革的重要力量。大力推进信息化，是覆盖我国现代化建设全局的战略举措，是贯彻落实科学发展观、全面建设小康社会、构建社会主义和谐社会和建设创新型国家的迫切需要和必然选择。一、全球信息化发展的基本趋势信息化是充分利用信息技术，开发利用信息资源，促进信息交流和知识共享，提高经济增长质量，推动经济社会发展转型的历史进程。20世纪90年代以来，信息技术不断创新，信息产业持续发展，信息网络广泛普及，信息化成为全球经济社会发展的显著特征，并逐步向一场全方位的社会变革演进。进入21世纪，信息化对经济社会发展的影响更加深刻。广泛应用、高度渗透的信息技术正孕育着新的重大突破。信息资源日益成为重要生产要素、无形资产和社会财富。信息网络更加普及并日趋融合。信息化与经济全球化相互交织，推动着全球产业分工深化和经济结构调整，重塑着全球经济竞争格局。互联网加剧了各种思想文化的相互激荡，成为信息传播和知识扩散的新载体。电子政务在提高行政效率、改善政府效能、扩大民主参与等方面的作用日益显著。信息安全的重要性与日俱增，成为各国面临的共同挑战。信息化使现代战争形态发生重大变化，是世界新军事变革的核心内容。全球数字鸿沟呈现扩大趋势，发展失衡现象日趋严重。发达国家信息化发展目标更加清晰，正在出现向信息社会转型的趋向；越来越多的发展中国家主动迎接信息化发展带来的新机遇，力争跟上时代潮流。全球信息化正在引发当今世界的深刻变革，重塑世界政治、经济、社会、文化和军事发展的新格局。加快信息化发展，已经成为世界各国的共同选择。二、我国信息化发展的基本形势（一）信息化发展的进展情况党中央、国务院一直高度重视信息化工作。20世纪90年代，相继启动了以金关、金卡和金税为代表的重大信息化应用工程；1997年，召开了全国信息化工作会议；党的十五届五中全会把信息化提到了国家战略的高度；党的十六大进一步作出了以信息化带动工业化、以工业化促进信息化、走新型工业化道路的战略部署；党的十六届五中全会再一次强调，推进国民经济和社会信息化，加快转变经济增长方式。“十五”期间，国家信息化领导小组对信息化发展重点进行了全面部署，作出了推行电子政务、振兴软件产业、加强信息安全保障、加强信息资源开发利用、加快发展电子商务等一系列重要决策。各地区各部门从实际出发，认真贯彻落实，不断开拓进取，我国信息化建设取得了可喜的进展。——信息网络实现跨越式发展，成为支撑经济社会发展重要的基础设施。电话用户、网络规模已经位居世界第一，互联网用户和宽带接入用户均位居世界第二，广播电视网络基本覆盖了全国的行政村。——信息产业持续快速发展，对经济增长贡献度稳步上升。2005年，信息产业增加值占国内生产总值的比重达到7.2%，对经济增长的贡献度达到16.6%。电子信息产品制造业出口额占出口总额的比重已超过30%。掌握了一批具有自主知识产权的关键技术。部分骨干企业的国际竞争力不断增强。——信息技术在国民经济和社会各领域的应用效果日渐显著。农业信息服务体系不断完善。应用信息技术改造传统产业不断取得新的进展，能源、交通运输、冶金、机械和化工等行业的信息化水平逐步提高。传统服务业转型步伐加快，信息服务业蓬勃兴起。金融信息化推进了金融服务创新，现代化金融服务体系初步形成。电子商务发展势头良好，科技、教育、文化、医疗卫生、社会保障、环境保护等领域信息化步伐明显加快。——电子政务稳步展开，成为转变政府职能、提高行政效率、推进政务公开的有效手段。各级政务部门利用信息技术，扩大信息公开，促进信息资源共享，推进政务协同，提高了行政效率，改善了公共服务，有效推动了政府职能转变。金关、金卡、金税等工程成效显著，金盾、金审等工程进展顺利。——信息资源开发利用取得重要进展。基础信息资源建设工作开始起步，互联网上中文信息比重稳步上升，信息资源开发利用水平不断提高。——信息安全保障工作逐步加强。制定并实施了国家信息安全战略，初步建立了信息安全管理体制和工作机制。基础信息网络和重要信息系统的安全防护水平明显提高，互联网信息安全管理进一步加强。——国防和军队信息化建设全面展开。国防和军队信息化取得重要进展，组织实施了一批军事信息系统重点工程，军事信息基础设施建设取得长足进步，主战武器系统信息技术含量不断提高，作战信息保障能力显著增强。——信息化基础工作进一步改善。信息化法制建设持续推进，信息技术标准化工作逐步加强，信息化培训工作得到高度重视，信息化人才队伍不断壮大。我国信息化发展的基本经验是：坚持站在国家战略高度，把信息化作为覆盖现代化建设全局的战略举措，正确处理信息化与工业化之间的关系，长远规划，持续推进。坚持从国情出发，因地制宜，把信息化作为解决现实紧迫问题和发展难题的重要手段，充分发挥信息技术在各领域的作用。坚持把开发利用信息资源放到重要位置，加强统筹协调，促进互联互通和资源共享。坚持引进消化先进技术与增强自主创新能力相结合，优先发展信息产业，逐步增强信息化的自主装备能力。坚持推进信息化建设与保障国家信息安全并重，不断提高基础信息网络和重要信息系统的安全保护水平。坚持优先抓好信息技术的普及教育，提高国民信息技术应用技能。（二）信息化发展中值得重视的问题当前我国信息化发展也存在着一些亟待解决的问题，主要表现在：第一，思想认识需要进一步提高。我国是在工业化不断加快、体制改革不断深化的条件下推进信息化的，信息化理论和实践还不够成熟，全社会对推进信息化的重要性、紧迫性的认识需要进一步提高。第二，信息技术自主创新能力不足。核心技术和关键装备主要依赖进口。以企业为主体的创新体系亟待完善，自主装备能力急需增强。第三，信息技术应用水平不高。在整体上，应用水平落后于实际需求，信息技术的潜能尚未得到充分挖掘；在部分领域和地区应用效果不够明显。第四，信息安全问题仍比较突出。在全球范围内，计算机病毒、网络攻击、垃圾邮件、系统漏洞、网络窃密、虚假有害信息和网络违法犯罪等问题日渐突出，如应对不当，可能会给我国经济社会发展和国家安全带来不利影响。第五，数字鸿沟有所扩大。信息技术应用水平与先进国家相比存在较大差距。国内不同地区、不同领域、不同群体的信息技术应用水平和网络普及程度很不平衡，城乡、区域和行业的差距有扩大趋势，成为影响协调发展的新因素。第六，体制机制改革相对滞后。受各种因素制约，信息化管理体制尚不完善，电信监管体制改革有待深化，信息化法制建设需要进一步加快。经过多年的发展，我国信息化发展已具备了一定基础，进入了全方位、多层次推进的新阶段。抓住机遇，迎接挑战，适应转变经济增长方式、全面建设小康社会的需要，更新发展理念，破解发展难题，创新发展模式，大力推进信息化发展，已成为我国经济社会发展新阶段重要而紧迫的战略任务。三、我国信息化发展的指导思想和战略目标（一）指导思想和战略方针我国信息化发展的指导思想是：以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，贯彻落实科学发展观，坚持以信息化带动工业化、以工业化促进信息化，坚持以改革开放和科技创新为动力，大力推进信息化，充分发挥信息化在促进经济、政治、文化、社会和军事等领域发展的重要作用，不断提高国家信息化水平，走中国特色的信息化道路，促进我国经济社会又快又好地发展。我国信息化发展的战略方针是：统筹规划、资源共享，深化应用、务求实效，面向市场、立足创新，军民结合、安全可靠。要以科学发展观为统领，以改革开放为动力，努力实现网络、应用、技术和产业的良性互动，促进网络融合，实现资源优化配置和信息共享。要以需求为主导，充分发挥市场机制配置资源的基础性作用，探索成本低、实效好的信息化发展模式。要以人为本，惠及全民，创造广大群众用得上、用得起、用得好的信息化发展环境。要把制度创新与技术创新放在同等重要的位置，完善体制机制，推动原始创新，加强集成创新，增强引进消化吸收再创新能力。要推动军民结合，协调发展。要高度重视信息安全，正确处理安全与发展之间的关系，以安全保发展，在发展中求安全。（二）战略目标到2020年，我国信息化发展的战略目标是：综合信息基础设施基本普及，信息技术自主创新能力显著增强，信息产业结构全面优化，国家信息安全保障水平大幅提高，国民经济和社会信息化取得明显成效，新型工业化发展模式初步确立，国家信息化发展的制度环境和政策体系基本完善，国民信息技术应用能力显著提高，为迈向信息社会奠定坚实基础。具体目标是：促进经济增长方式的根本转变。广泛应用信息技术，改造和提升传统产业，发展信息服务业，推动经济结构战略性调整。深化应用信息技术，努力降低单位产品能耗、物耗，加大对环境污染的监控和治理，服务循环经济发展。充分利用信息技术，促进我国经济增长方式由主要依靠资本和资源投入向主要依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质转变，提高经济增长的质量和效益。实现信息技术自主创新、信息产业发展的跨越。有效利用国际国内两个市场、两种资源，增强对引进技术的消化吸收，突破一批关键技术，掌握一批核心技术，实现信息技术从跟踪、引进到自主创新的跨越，实现信息产业由大变强的跨越。提升网络普及水平、信息资源开发利用水平和信息安全保障水平。抓住网络技术转型的机遇，基本建成国际领先、多网融合、安全可靠的综合信息基础设施。确立科学的信息资源观，把信息资源提升到与能源、材料同等重要的地位，为发展知识密集型产业创造条件。信息安全的长效机制基本形成，国家信息安全保障体系较为完善，信息安全保障能力显著增强。增强政府公共服务能力、社会主义先进文化传播能力、中国特色的军事变革能力和国民信息技术应用能力。电子政务应用和服务体系日臻完善，社会管理与公共服务密切结合，网络化公共服务能力显著增强。网络成为先进文化传播的重要渠道，社会主义先进文化的感召力和中华民族优秀文化的国际影响力显著增强。国防和军队信息化建设取得重大进展，信息化条件下的防卫作战能力显著增强。人民群众受教育水平和信息技术应用技能显著提高，为建设学习型社会奠定基础。四、我国信息化发展的战略重点（一）推进国民经济信息化推进面向“三农”的信息服务。利用公共网络，采用多种接入手段，以农民普遍能够承受的价格，提高农村网络普及率。整合涉农信息资源，规范和完善公益性信息中介服务，建设城乡统筹的信息服务体系，为农民提供适用的市场、科技、教育、卫生保健等信息服务，支持农村富余劳动力的合理有序流动。利用信息技术改造和提升传统产业。促进信息技术在能源、交通运输、冶金、机械和化工等行业的普及应用，推进设计研发信息化、生产装备数字化、生产过程智能化和经营管理网络化。充分运用信息技术推动高能耗、高物耗和高污染行业的改造。推动供应链管理和客户关系管理，大力扶持中小企业信息化。加快服务业信息化。优化政策法规环境，依托信息网络，改造和提升传统服务业。加快发展网络增值服务、电子金融、现代物流、连锁经营、专业信息服务、咨询中介等新型服务业。大力发展电子商务，降低物流成本和交易成本。鼓励具备条件的地区率先发展知识密集型产业。引导人才密集、信息化基础好的地区率先发展知识密集型产业，推动经济结构战略性调整。充分利用信息技术，加快东部地区知识和技术向中西部地区的扩散，创造区域协调发展的新局面。（二）推行电子政务改善公共服务。逐步建立以公民和企业为对象、以互联网为基础、中央与地方相配合、多种技术手段相结合的电子政务公共服务体系。重视推动电子政务公共服务延伸到街道、社区和乡村。逐步增加服务内容，扩大服务范围，提高服务质量，推动服务型政府建设。加强社会管理。整合资源，形成全面覆盖、高效灵敏的社会管理信息网络，增强社会综合治理能力。协同共建，完善社会预警和应对突发事件的网络运行机制，增强对各种突发性事件的监控、决策和应急处置能力，保障国家安全、公共安全，维护社会稳定。强化综合监管。满足转变政府职能、提高行政效率、规范监管行为的需求，深化相应业务系统建设。围绕财政、金融、税收、工商、海关、国资监管、质检、食品药品安全等关键业务，统筹规划，分类指导，有序推进相关业务系统之间、中央与地方之间的信息共享，促进部门间业务协同，提高监管能力。建设企业、个人征信系统，规范和维护市场秩序。完善宏观调控。完善财政、金融等经济运行信息系统，提升国民经济预测、预警和监测水平，增强宏观调控决策的有效性和科学性。（三）建设先进网络文化加强社会主义先进文化的网上传播。牢牢把握社会主义先进文化的前进方向，支持健康有益文化，加快推进中华民族优秀文化作品的数字化、网络化，规范网络文化传播秩序，使科学的理论、正确的舆论、高尚的精神、优秀的作品成为网上文化传播的主流。改善公共文化信息服务。鼓励新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术等行业加快信息化步伐，提高文化产品质量，增强文化产品供给能力。加快文化信息资源整合，加强公益性文化信息基础设施建设，完善公共文化信息服务体系，将文化产品送到千家万户，丰富基层群众文化生活。加强互联网对外宣传和文化交流。整合互联网对外宣传资源，完善互联网对外宣传体系建设，不断提高互联网对外宣传工作整体水平，持续提升对外宣传效果，扩大中华民族优秀文化的国际影响力。建设积极健康的网络文化。倡导网络文明，强化网络道德约束，建立和完善网络行为规范，积极引导广大群众的网络文化创作实践，自觉抵御不良内容的侵蚀，摈弃网络滥用行为和低俗之风，全面建设积极健康的网络文化。（四）推进社会信息化加快教育科研信息化步伐。提升基础教育、高等教育和职业教育信息化水平，持续推进农村现代远程教育，实现优质教育资源共享，促进教育均衡发展。构建终身教育体系，发展多层次、交互式网络教育培训体系，方便公民自主学习。建立并完善全国教育与科研基础条件网络平台，提高教育与科研设备网络化利用水平，推动教育与科研资源的共享。加强医疗卫生信息化建设。建设并完善覆盖全国、快捷高效的公共卫生信息系统，增强防疫监控、应急处置和救治能力。推进医疗服务信息化，改进医院管理，开展远程医疗。统筹规划电子病历，促进医疗、医药和医保机构的信息共享和业务协同，支持医疗体制改革。完善就业和社会保障信息服务体系。建设多层次、多功能的就业信息服务体系，加强就业信息统计、分析和发布工作，改善技能培训、就业指导和政策咨询服务。加快全国社会保障信息系统建设，提高工作效率，改善服务质量。推进社区信息化。整合各类信息系统和资源，构建统一的社区信息平台，加强常住人口和流动人口的信息化管理，改善社区服务。（五）完善综合信息基础设施推动网络融合，实现向下一代网络的转型。优化网络结构，提高网络性能，推进综合基础信息平台的发展。加快改革，从业务、网络和终端等层面推进“三网融合”。发展多种形式的宽带接入，大力推动互联网的应用普及。推动有线、地面和卫星等各类数字广播电视的发展，完成广播电视从模拟向数字的转换。应用光电传感、射频识别等技术扩展网络功能，发展并完善综合信息基础设施，稳步实现向下一代网络的转型。建立和完善普遍服务制度。加快制度建设，面向老少边穷地区和社会困难群体，建立和完善以普遍服务基金为基础、相关优惠政策配套的补贴机制，逐步将普遍服务从基础电信和广播电视业务扩展到互联网业务。加强宏观管理，拓宽多种渠道，推动普遍服务市场主体的多元化。（六）加强信息资源的开发利用建立和完善信息资源开发利用体系。加快人口、法人单位、地理空间等国家基础信息库的建设，拓展相关应用服务。引导和规范政务信息资源的社会化增值开发利用。鼓励企业、个人和其他社会组织参与信息资源的公益性开发利用。完善知识产权保护制度，大力发展以数字化、网络化为主要特征的现代信息服务业，促进信息资源的开发利用。充分发挥信息资源开发利用对节约资源、能源和提高效益的作用，发挥信息流对人员流、物质流和资金流的引导作用，促进经济增长方式的转变和资源节约型社会的建设。加强全社会信息资源管理。规范对生产、流通、金融、人口流动以及生态环境等领域的信息采集和标准制定，加强对信息资产的严格管理，促进信息资源的优化配置。实现信息资源的深度开发、及时处理、安全保存、快速流动和有效利用，基本满足经济社会发展优先领域的信息需求。（七）提高信息产业竞争力突破核心技术与关键技术。建立以企业为主体的技术创新体系，强化集成创新，突出自主创新，突破关键技术。选择具有高度技术关联性和产业带动性的产品和项目，促进引进消化吸收再创新，产学研用结合，实现信息技术关键领域的自主创新。积聚力量，攻克难关，逐步由外围向核心逼近，推进原始创新，力争跨越核心技术门槛，推进创新型国家建设。培育有核心竞争能力的信息产业。加强政府引导，突破集成电路、软件、关键电子元器件、关键工艺装备等基础产业的发展瓶颈，提高在全球产业链中的地位，逐步形成技术领先、基础雄厚、自主发展能力强的信息产业。优化环境，引导企业资产重组、跨国并购，推动产业联盟，加快培育和发展具有核心能力的大公司和拥有技术专长的中小企业，建立竞争优势。加快“走出去”步伐，鼓励运营企业和制造企业联手拓展国际市场。（八）建设国家信息安全保障体系全面加强国家信息安全保障体系建设。坚持积极防御、综合防范，探索和把握信息化与信息安全的内在规律，主动应对信息安全挑战，实现信息化与信息安全协调发展。坚持立足国情，综合平衡安全成本和风险，确保重点，优化信息安全资源配置。建立和完善信息安全等级保护制度，重点保护基础信息网络和关系国家安全、经济命脉、社会稳定的重要信息系统。加强密码技术的开发利用。建设网络信任体系。加强信息安全风险评估工作。建设和完善信息安全监控体系，提高对网络安全事件应对和防范能力，防止有害信息传播。高度重视信息安全应急处置工作，健全完善信息安全应急指挥和安全通报制度，不断完善信息安全应急处置预案。从实际出发，促进资源共享，重视灾难备份建设，增强信息基础设施和重要信息系统的抗毁能力和灾难恢复能力。大力增强国家信息安全保障能力。积极跟踪、研究和掌握国际信息安全领域的先进理论、前沿技术和发展动态，抓紧开展对信息技术产品漏洞、后门的发现研究，掌握核心安全技术，提高关键设备装备能力，促进我国信息安全技术和产业的自主发展。加快信息安全人才培养，增强国民信息安全意识。不断提高信息安全的法律保障能力、基础支撑能力、网络舆论宣传的驾驭能力和我国在国际信息安全领域的影响力，建立和完善维护国家信息安全的长效机制。（九）提高国民信息技术应用能力，造就信息化人才队伍提高国民信息技术应用能力。强化领导干部的信息化知识培训，普及政府公务人员的信息技术技能培训。配合现代远程教育工程，组织志愿者深入老少边穷地区从事信息化知识和技能服务。普及中小学信息技术教育。开展形式多样的信息化知识和技能普及活动，提高国民受教育水平和信息能力。培养信息化人才。构建以学校教育为基础，在职培训为重点，基础教育与职业教育相互结合，公益培训与商业培训相互补充的信息化人才培养体系。鼓励各类专业人才掌握信息技术，培养复合型人才。五、我国信息化发展的战略行动为落实国家信息化发展的战略重点，保证在“十一五”时期国家信息化水平迈上新的台阶，按照承前启后、以点带面的原则，优先制定和实施以下战略行动计划。（一）国民信息技能教育培训计划在全国中小学普及信息技术教育，建立完善的信息技术基础课程体系，优化课程设置，丰富教学内容，提高师资水平，改善教学效果。推广新型教学模式，实现信息技术与教学过程的有机结合，全面推进素质教育。加大政府资金投入及政策扶持力度，吸引社会资金参与，把信息技能培训纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。依托高等院校、中小学、邮局、科技馆、图书馆、文化站等公益性设施，以及全国文化信息资源共享工程、农村党员干部远程教育工程等，积极开展国民信息技能教育和培训。（二）电子商务行动计划营造环境、完善政策，发挥企业主体作用，大力推进电子商务。以企业信息化为基础，以大型重点企业为龙头，通过供应链、客户关系管理等，引导中小企业积极参与，形成完整的电子商务价值链。加快信用、认证、标准、支付和现代物流建设，完善结算清算信息系统，注重与国际接轨，探索多层次、多元化的电子商务发展方式。制定和颁布中小企业信息化发展指南，分类指导，择优扶持，建设面向中小企业的公共信息服务平台，鼓励中小企业利用信息技术，促进中小企业开展灵活多样的电子商务活动。立足产业集聚地区，发挥专业信息服务企业的优势，承揽外包服务，帮助中小企业低成本、低风险地推进信息化。（三）电子政务行动计划规范政务基础信息的采集和应用，建设政务信息资源目录体系，推动政府信息公开。整合电子政务网络，建设政务信息资源的交换体系，全面支撑经济调节、市场监管、社会管理和公共服务职能。建立电子政务规划、预算、审批、评估综合协调机制。加强电子政务建设资金投入的审计和监督。明确已建、在建及新建项目的关系和业务衔接，逐步形成统一规范的电子政务财政预算、基本建设、运行、维护管理制度和绩效评估制度。（四）网络媒体信息资源开发利用计划开发科技、教育、新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术、卫生、“三农”、社保等领域的信息资源，提供人民群众生产生活所需的数字化信息服务，建成若干强大的、影响广泛的、协同关联的互联网骨干网站群。扶持国家重点新闻网站建设。鼓励公益性网络媒体信息资源的开发利用。制定政策措施，引导和鼓励网络媒体信息资源建设，开发优秀的信息产品，全面营造健康的网络信息环境。注重研究互联网传播规律和新技术发展对网络传媒的深远影响。（五）缩小数字鸿沟计划坚持政府主导、社会参与，缩小区域之间、城乡之间和不同社会群体之间信息技术应用水平的差距，创造机会均等、协调发展的社会环境。加大支持力度，综合运用各种手段，加快推进中西部地区的信息网络建设，普及信息服务。把缩小城乡数字鸿沟作为统筹城乡经济社会发展的重要内容，推进农业信息化和现代农业建设，为建设社会主义新农村服务。逐步在行政村和城镇社区设立免费或低价接入互联网的公共服务场所，提供电子政务、教育培训、医疗保健、养老救治等方面的信息服务。（六）关键信息技术自主创新计划在集成电路（特别是中央处理器芯片）、系统软件、关键应用软件、自主可控关键装备等涉及自主发展能力的关键领域，瞄准国际创新前沿，加大投入，重点突破，逐步掌握产业发展的主动权。在具有研发基础、市场前景广阔的移动通信、数字电视、下一代网络、射频识别等领域，优先启用具有自主知识产权的标准，加快产品开发和推广应用，带动产业发展。六、我国信息化发展的保障措施为了保持我国信息化发展的协调性和连续性，顺利部署我国信息化发展的战略重点和战略行动，提出以下保障措施。（一）完善信息化发展战略研究和政策体系紧密跟踪全球信息化发展进程，适应经济结构战略性调整、产业升级换代和转变经济增长方式的需要，持续深化信息化发展战略研究，动态调整信息化发展目标。把推广信息技术应用作为修订和完善各类产业政策的重要内容。明确重点，保障资金，把工业化提高到广泛应用智能工具的水平上来，提高我国产业的整体竞争力。按照西部大开发、东北地区等老工业基地振兴改造、中部崛起以及有关国家产业基地和工业园区的部署，把信息化作为促进区域协调发展、增进区域之间优势互补、实现区域比较优势的平衡器和助推器。制定并完善集成电路、软件、基础电子产品、信息安全产品、信息服务业等领域的产业政策。研究制定支持大型中央企业的信息化发展政策。（二）深化和完善信息化发展领域的体制改革完善市场准入和退出机制，规范法人治理结构，推动运营服务市场的公平有效竞争。鼓励和推广各种形式的宽带终端和接入技术。鼓励业务创新，提供市场许可、资源分配、技术标准、互联互通等方面的支持。研究探索适应网络融合与信息化发展需要的统一监管制度。以创造公平竞争环境和保护消费者利益为重点，加快转变监管理念。防范和制止不正当竞争。逐步建立以市场调节为主的电信业务定价体系。（三）完善相关投融资政策根据深化投资体制改革和金融体制改革的要求，加快研究制定信息化的投融资政策，积极引导非国有资本参与信息化建设。研究制定适应中小企业信息化发展的金融政策，完善相关的财税政策。培育和发展信息技术转让和知识产权交易市场。完善风险投资机制和资本退出机制。健全和完善招投标、采购政策，逐步完善扶持信息产业发展的产业政策。加大国家对信息化发展的资金投入，支持国家信息化发展所急需的各类基础性、公益性工作，包括基础性标准制定、基础性信息资源开发、互联网公共服务场所建设、国民信息技能培训、跨部门业务系统协同和信息共享应用工程等。完善并严格实施政府采购政策，优先采购国产信息技术产品和服务，实现技术应用与研发创新、产业发展的协同。（四）加快制定应用规范和技术标准加强政府引导，依托重大信息化应用工程，以企业和行业协会为主体，加快产业技术标准体系建设。完善信息技术应用的技术体制和产业、产品等技术规范和标准，促进网络互联互通、系统互为操作和信息共享。加快制定人口、法人单位、地理空间、物品编码等基础信息的标准。加强知识产权保护。加强国际合作，积极参与国际标准制定。（五）推进信息化法制建设加快推进信息化法制建设，妥善处理相关法律法规制定、修改、废止之间的关系，制定和完善信息基础设施、电子商务、电子政务、信息安全、政府信息公开、个人信息保护等方面的法律法规，创造信息化发展的良好法制环境。根据信息技术应用的需要，适时修订和完善知识产权、未成年人保护、电子证据等方面的法律法规。加强信息化法制建设中的国际交流与合作，积极参与相关国际规则的研究和制定。（六）加强互联网治理坚持积极发展、加强管理的原则，参与互联网治理的国际对话、交流和磋商，推动建立主权公平的互联网国际治理机制。加强行业自律，引导企业依法经营。理顺管理体制，明确管理责任，完善管理制度，正确处理好发展与管理之间的关系，形成适应互联网发展规律和特点的运行机制。坚持法律、经济、技术手段与必要的行政手段相结合，构建政府、企业、行业协会和公民相互配合、相互协作、权利与义务对等的治理机制，营造积极健康的互联网发展环境。依法打击利用互联网进行的各种违法犯罪活动，推动网络信息服务健康发展。（七）壮大信息化人才队伍研究和建立信息化人才统计制度，开展信息化人才需求调查，编制信息化人才规划，确定信息化人才工作重点。建立信息化人才分类指导目录。确定信息化相关职业的分类，制定职业技能标准。尊重信息化人才成长规律，以信息化项目为依托，培养高级人才、创新型人才和复合型人才。发挥市场机制在人才资源配置中的基础性作用，高度重视“走出去，引进来”工作，吸引海外人才，鼓励海外留学人员参与国家信息化建设。（八）加强信息化国际交流与合作密切关注世界信息化发展动向，建立和完善信息化国际交流合作机制。坚持平等合作、互利共赢的原则，积极参与多边组织，大力促进双边合作。准确把握我国加入世界贸易组织后过渡期的新情况，统筹国内发展与对外开放，切实加强信息技术、信息资源、人才培养等领域的交流与合作。（九）完善信息化推进体制切实加强领导，凡涉及信息化的重大政策和事项要经国家信息化领导小组审定。要抓紧研究建立符合行政体制改革方向、分工合理、责任明确的信息化推进协调体制。加大政府部门间的协调力度，明确中央、地方政府在信息化建设上的事权，加强对地方的业务指导。各地区各部门要贯彻落实党的十六大和十六届三中、四中、五中全会精神，因地制宜，加快编制信息化发展规划，制定科学的信息化统计指标体系，改进信息化绩效评估方法，完善国民经济和社会发展的统计核算体系，使信息化融汇到国民经济和社会发展的中长期规划之中。
