National Security Law of the People’s Republic of China

Published

July 1, 2015

Published

July 1, 2015


NOTE: This translation was originally published on the China Copyright and Media blog, a project of DigiChina’s Prof. Rogier Creemers of the University of Leiden. It has not been edited, double-checked, or standardized with DigiChina’s original content. Read more.

(Passed at the 15th Meeting of the 12th National People’s Congress Standing Committee on 1 July 2015)

Chapter I: General principles

Article 1: In order to safeguard national security, defend the people’s democratic dictatorship regime and the system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, protect the fundamental interests of the people, ensure the smooth progress of reform, opening up and Socialist modernization construction, and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, in accordance with the Constitution, this Law is formulated.

Article 2: National security refers to a situation in which the national regime, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, the welfare of the people, the sustained development of the economy and society and other major State interests are not in danger or under internal or external threat, as well as the capacity to ensure a sustained situation of security.

Article 3: National security work shall persist in a comprehensive national security view, take the security of the people as purpose, take political security as the foundation, take economic security as the basis, take military, cultural and social security as guarantee, take stimulating international security as a support, it shall safeguard national security in all areas, build a national security system, and march the path of national security with Chinese characteristics.

Article 4: [We must] persist in the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party over national security work, establish centralized, unified, effective and authoritative national security leadership structures.

Article 5: The Centre’s national security leading body is responsible for policymaking, discussion and coordination of national security work, for researching the formulation and guiding the implementation of national security strategies and relevant major doctrines and policies, comprehensively planning and coordinating major affairs and major work concerning national security, and promoting the construction of national security rule of law.

Article 6: The State formulates and incessantly perfects national security strategies, comprehensively evaluates international and domestic security circumstances, and clarifies the guiding principles, middle and long-term objectives for national security strategy, as well as national security policies, work tasks and measures in focus areas.

Article 7: The safeguarding of national security shall abide by the Constitution and the law, persist in the principles of Socialist rule of law, respect and ensure human rights, and protect the rights and liberties of citizens according to the law.

Article 8: The safeguarding of national security shall be coordinated with economic and social development.

National security work shall comprehensively take account of internal security and external security, territorial security and citizens’ security, traditional security and non-traditional security, our own security and common security.

Article 9: The safeguarding of national security shall persist in giving preference to prevention, treating both root causes and symptoms, integrating specialist work and the mass line, [it shall] fully give rein to the functions and roles of specialist bodies and other relevant bodies in safeguarding national security, and broadly mobilize citizens and organizations to prevent, curb and lawfully sanction acts harming national security.

Article 10: The safeguarding of national security shall persist in mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation, in launching vigorous security exchange and cooperation with foreign governments and international organizations, the implementation of international security duties, the stimulation of common security, and the safeguarding of world peace.

Article 11: Citizens of the People’s Republic of China, all State bodies and armed forces, all political parties and people’s organizations, enterprises, undertakings, organizations and all other social organizations have the responsibility and duty to safeguard national security.

The sovereignty and territorial integrity of China brook no violation or separation. The safeguarding of national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity is the common duty of all Chinese citizens, including Hong Kong and Macau compatriots, and Taiwan compatriots.

Article 12: The State issues awards and commendations to individuals and organizations making prominent contributions to safeguarding national security work.

Article 13: Where personnel of State bodies abuse their power, commit dereliction of duty, or engage in favouritism in the course of national security work or activities affecting national security, their legal liability will be punished according to the law.

Where any person or individual, in violation of this Law and relevant laws, des not uphold national security duties or engages in acts harming national security, their legal liability will be punished according to the law.

Article 14: 15 April of every year will be a national security education day for the entire population.

Chapter II: The tasks of safeguarding national security

Article 15: The State persists in the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, upholding the system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, developing Socialist democratic politics, completing Socialist rule of law, strengthening constraints and supervisory mechanisms for the use of power, and guarantees all rights of the people, who are masters of their own affairs.

The State prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions any act of treason, separatism, incitement of rebellion, subversion or incitement of subversion of the people’s democratic dictatorship regime; it prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions theft or divulgement of State secrets and other such acts harming national security; it prevents, curbs and lawfully punishes infiltration, destructive, subversive and separatist activities by foreign forces.

Article 16: The State upholds and develops the fundamental interests of the broadest people, it defends the people’s security, creates good existence and development conditions and stable work and living environments, and guarantees citizens’ lives, assets, security and other lawful rights and interests.

Article 17: The State strengthens the construction of border defence, maritime defence and air defence, it adopts all necessary defence and control measures, safeguards the security of the territory, internal waters, territorial waters and territorial airspace, and safeguards national territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.

Article 18: The State strengthens the revolutionization, modernization and regularization of the armed forces, and constructs armed forces suited to the needs of ensuring national security and development interests; it implements vigorous doctrines for defensive military strategies, to guard against and curb aggression, and to curb armed subversion and separation; it launches international military security cooperation, it implements military operations for United Nations peacekeeping, international aid, maritime escorts and to safeguard overseas national interests, to safeguard national sovereignty, security, territorial integrity, development interests and world peace.

Article 19: The State safeguards the basic system of the national economy and the order of the Socialist market economy, it completes structures and mechanisms to prevent and dissolve economic security risks, to safeguard the security important sectors, crucial areas, focus industries, major infrastructure and major construction programmes as well as other economic interests that affect the lifelines of the national economy.

Article 20: The State completes mechanisms for cautious macro-level financial management and the prevention and management of financial risk, it strengthens the constructions of the financial infrastructure and basic capabilities, and it prevents and dissolves systemic and regional financial risk, and prevents and resists damage by external financial risks.

Article 21: The State reasonably uses and protects natural resources and energy, it effectively controls the development of strategic natural resources and energy, strengthens the storage of strategic natural resources and energy, it perfects the construction of strategic channels for the transportation of natural resources and energy, as well as measures for the protection of their security, it strengthens international natural resource and energy cooperation, comprehensively enhances emergency response capabilities, and ensures that the natural resources and energy required for economic and social developments can be provided in a sustained, reliable and efficient manner.

Article 22: The State completes food security protection system, it protects and raises comprehensive food production capacities, it perfects food storage structures, distribution systems and market regulation mechanisms, it completes food security early warning structures, and guarantees food supply, quality and security.

Article 23: the State persists in the progressive orientation of advanced Socialist culture, it inherits and carries forward the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, it fosters and practices the Socialist core value view, it prevents and resists the influence of harmful culture, it grasps the initiative in the ideological area, and strengthens the overall power and influence of culture.

Article 24: The State strengthens the construction of indigenous innovation capabilities, it accelerates the development of indigenous, controllable and strategic high and new technologies and central or key technologies in important areas, and it strengthens the use and protection of intellectual property rights and the construction of science and technology secrecy protection, and guarantees the security of major technologies and projects.

Article 25: The State constructs a network and information security protection system, it upgrades network and information security protection capabilities, strengthens the innovation, research, development and application of network and information technologies, it realizes the security and controllability of core network and information technologies, crucial infrastructure and information systems and data in important areas; it strengthens network management, it prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions online attacks, online hacking, online theft of secrets, the dissemination of unlawful or harmful information and other such online unlawful and criminal acts, it safeguards national sovereignty security and development interests in cyberspace.

Article 26: The State persists in and perfects the ethnic autonomous region system, it consolidates and develops Socialist ethnic relationships of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony. It persists in the equality of all ethnicities without exception, it strengthens ethic interaction, exchange and mingling, it prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions acts of ethnic separatism, it upholds national unity, ethnic unity and social harmony, and realizes the common united struggle and common flourishing and development of all ethnicities.

Article 27: The State lawfully protects citizens’ freedom of religious belief and regular religious practices, it persists in the principles of religious independence, autonomy and self-organization, it prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions the use of the name of religion to conduct unlawful and criminal acts harming national security, it opposes interference by foreign forces in domestic religious affairs, and safeguards the order of regular religious activities.

The State lawfully bans heretical organizations, it prevents, curbs and lawfully sanctions heretical unlawful and criminal activities.

Article 28: The State opposes all forms of terrorism and extremism, it strengthens the construction of capabilities to prevent and manage terrorism, it lawfully engages in intelligence, investigation, protection, management as well as financial supervision work to lawfully ban terrorist activities and groups, and strictly punishes acts of violent terrorism.

Article 29: The State completes effective structures and mechanisms to effectively prevent and dissolve social contradictions, it completes public security systems, to vigorously prevent, reduce and dissolve social contradictions, it appropriately handles sudden events in public health, social security, and in other areas influencing national security and social stability, it stimulates social harmony, and safeguards public security and social security.

Article 30: The State perfects protection structures and systems to protect the ecological environment, it strengthens ecological construction and environmental protection, it delimits red lines for ecological protection, strengthens early warning and prevention of ecological risks, appropriately handles sudden environmental incidents, guarantees that the natural environment and conditions on which the people rely for their existence, including air, water, soil, etc., are not threatened or destroyed, and stimulates the harmonious development of humanity and nature.

Article 31: The State persists in the peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear technology, it strengthens international cooperation, prevents nuclear proliferation, perfects anti-proliferation mechanisms, strengthens security management, supervision and protection of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear activities and nuclear waste processing, it strengthens emergency response systems and emergency response capacity building for nuclear accidents, it prevents, controls and eliminates ecological and environmental harms from nuclear accidents to citizens’ lives and health, it incessantly strengthens capabilities to effective respond to and prevent nuclear threats and nuclear attacks.

Article 32: The State persists in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, the international seabeds and the polar regions, it strengthens its capacity for secure comings and goings, scientific observation, exploitation and use, it strengthens international cooperation, and safeguards the security our country’s activities, assets and other interests in outer space, the international seabeds and the polar regions.

Article 33: The State lawfully adopts necessary measures to protect the security and proper rights and interests of Chinese citizens, organizations and bodies abroad, and to protect national interests abroad from threat and harm.

Article 34: The State incessantly perfects the tasks of protecting national security on the basis of the needs of economic and social development, and national development interests.

Chapter III: The duties of safeguarding national security

Article 35: The National People’s Congress decides on questions of war and peace and exercises other powers concerning national security provided in the Constitution, according to the provisions of the Constitution.

The National People’s Congress Standing Committee decides on the declaration of the state of war, decides on general national mobilization or partial mobilization, decides on entering a state of emergency nationwide or in individual provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and exercises other powers concerning national security as provided in the Constitution and as empowered by the National People’s Congress, according to the provisions of the Constitution.

Article 36: The Chairman People’s Republic of China declares entry into a state of emergency, declares the state of war, issues the order for mobilization, and exercises other powers concerning national security as provided in the Constitution, according to the decisions of the National People’s Congress and the decisions of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee.

Article 37: According to the Constitution and the law, the State Council formulates administrative regulations concerning national security, stipulates relevant administrative measures, and disseminates relevant decisions and orders; it implements national security laws, regulations and policies; it decides on the entry into a state of emergencies of partial regions within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities; and exercises other powers concerning national security as provided by the Constitution and the law, and as authorized by the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee.

Article 38: The Central Military Commission leads the armed forces nationwide, it decides on military strategy and the warfare doctrines of the armed forces, it has unified command of military operations to safeguard national security, formulates military regulations concerning national security, and issues relevant decisions and orders.

Article 39: All departments of Centre and State bodies, according to their powers and the division of labour, implement and exercise national security doctrines, policies, laws and regulations, manage and guide national security work in their systems and localities.

Article 40: All local levels’ People’s Congresses and local county-level or higher levels’ People’s Congress Standing Committees ensure the observance and implementation of national security laws and regulations within their administrative areas.

All local levels’ People’s Governments manage national security work within their administrative areas according to the provisions of laws and regulations.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macau Special Administrative Region shall fulfil the responsibility of safeguarding national security.

Article 41: The People’s Courts exercise judicial powers according to the provisions of the Constitution, the People’s Procuratorates exercise prosecutorial powers according to the provisions of the Constitution, to punish crimes violating national security.

Article 42: National security bodies and public security bodies collect intelligence and information concerning national security according to the law, and exercise the powers of investigation, detention, inquiry and arrest, as well as other powers provided in the law in national security work according to the law.

Relevant military bodies exercise corresponding powers in national security work according to the law.

Article 43: State bodies and their work personnel shall, when exercising their responsibilities, implement the principle of safeguarding national security.

State bodies and their work personnel shall, when carrying out national security work or activities concerning national security, strictly exercise their duties according to the law, they may not exceed their powers or abuse their powers, and may not infringe the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations.

Chapter IV: The national security system

Section 1: Ordinary provisions

Article 44: The Centre’s national security leading body implements a national security work structure and work mechanisms that combine centralization and decentralization, are coordinated and highly effective.

Article 45: The State establishes work coordination mechanisms for focus areas of national security, and comprehensively coordinates the work conducted by relevant functional Centre bodies.

Article 46: The State establishes national security work supervision, inspection and responsibility investigation mechanism, and guarantees that the national security strategy and major deployments are implemented.

Article 47: All Departments and all localities shall adopt effective measures to implement the national security strategy.

Article 48: On the basis of the needs of safeguarding national security work, the State establishes cross-departmental consultation work mechanisms, to engage in consultation and decision-making concerning major national security affairs, and put forward opinions and suggestions.

Article 49: The State establishes joint operational mechanisms concerning national security between the Centre and the localities, between departments, between military regions and between regions.

Article 50: The State establishes national security policymaking consultation mechanisms, organizes analysis and deliberation of the national security situation by experts and relevant parties, to move scientific policymaking in national security forward.

Section 2: Intelligence and information

Article 51: The State completes intelligence and information collection, deliberation and use structures with uniform authority, flexible response, high accuracy and efficiency, and smooth operations, and it establishes intelligence and information work coordination mechanisms, to realize the timely collection, accurate deliberation and effective use and sharing of intelligence and information.

Article 52: National security bodies, public security bodies and relevant military bodies collect intelligence and information concerning national security according to the law, on the basis of their duties and the division of labour.

All State bodies’ departments shall, in the process of carrying out their duties, timely report relevant information concerning national security they obtain.

Article 53: When engaging in intelligence and information work, modem scientific and technological methods shall be fully utilized, and the differentiation, screening, synthesis, deliberation and analysis of intelligence and information shall be strengthened.

Article 54: The submission of intelligence and information shall be timely, accurate and objective, it is not permitted to delay reports, fail to report, give false reports or lie about reports.

Section 3: Risk prevention, assessment and early warning

Article 55: The State formulates and perfects plans to respond to national security risks in all areas.

Article 56: The State establishes national security risk assessment mechanisms, to regularly launch investigation and evaluation of national security risks in all areas.

Relevant departments shall regularly submit national security risk evaluation reports to the Centre’s national security leading body.

Article 57: The State completes national security risk monitoring and early warning structure, to timely issue corresponding early risk warnings on the basis of the extent of national security risks.

Article 58: County-level or higher local People’s Governments and their relevant controlling departments shall, with regard to incidents harming national security that may soon occur or have already occurred, immediately report the matter to the People’s Government and their relevant controlling departments of one level higher, and when necessary, may report the matter in a manner skipping levels.

Section 4: Examination and supervision

Article 59: The State establishes national security examination and supervision structures and mechanisms, to conduct national security examination of foreign investments that influence or may influence national security, specific goods or core technologies, online information technology products and services, construction projects involving national security affairs, as well as other major affairs and activities, to effectively prevent and dissolve national security risks.

Article 60: All departments of Centre and State bodies exercise national security examination duties according to laws and administrative regulations, make national security examination decisions or put forward security examination opinions, and supervise their implementation according to the law.

Article 61: Provincial, autonomous regions and municipalities are responsible for national security examination and supervision work within their administrative regions.

Section 5: Crisis control

Article 62: The State establishes national security crisis control structures with unified leadership, coordinated joint action, which are orderly and highly effective.

Article 63: When major events endangering national security occur, relevant Centre departments and relevant localities, on the basis of the uniform deployment of the Centre’s national security leadership body, initiates emergency response plans, and adopts management, control and handling measures according to the law.

Article 64: When especially grave incidents endangering national security occur, and it is necessary to enter a state of emergency, a state of war or engage in general or partial mobilization, the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress Standing Committee or the State Council will decide on the matter according to the powers and procedures provided in the Constitution and relevant laws.

Article 65: After the country decides to enter a state of emergency, a state of war or to engage in national defence mobilization, relevant bodies exercising national security crisis management responsibilities, according to the provisions of laws or the National People’s Congress Standing Committee, have the power to adopt special measures to limit the rights of citizens and organizations and increase the duties of citizens and organization.

Article 66: Relevant bodies exercising national security crisis management duties that adopt measures to deal with a national security crisis, shall adapt to the nature, extent and scope of the harm that the national security crisis may create; where there are many kinds of measures that may be chosen, the measure that benefits the protection of the rights and interests of citizens and organizations to the greatest extent shall be selected.

Article 67: The State completes national security crisis information reporting and dissemination mechanisms.

After the national security crisis incident occurs, relevant bodies exercising national security crisis management duties shall report the matter accurately and timely according to regulations, they shall also uniformly announce occurrence of the national security crisis incident, its development, management, handling and aftermath to society.

Article 68: After national security threats and dangers are controlled or eliminated, control and management measures shall be abolished timely, and the aftermath work shall be done.

Chapter V: National security guarantees

Article 69: The State completes national security protection systems, and strengthens capabilities to safeguard national security.

Article 70: The State completes national security law systems and structures, to promote the construction of national security rule of law.

Article 71: The State expands investment into all areas of construction concerning national security, and guarantees funding and equipment needed for national security work.

Article 72: Work units undertaking storage tasks of strategic assets for national security shall, according to relevant State regulations and standards, conduct the storage, preservation and safeguarding of national security assets, regularly adjust and update, and ensure the usability, efficacy and security of stored assets.

Article 73: Scientific and technological innovation in the area of national security is encouraged, to give rein to the role of science and technology in safeguarding national security.

Article 74: The State adopts the necessary measures to recruit, foster and manage specialist national security work talents and particular talents.

On the basis of the needs of safeguarding national security, the State protects the identity and lawful rights and interests of relevant bodies’ personnel especially engaging in national security work, and expands their personal protection and security arrangements.

Article 75: National security bodies, public security bodies and relevant military bodies that engage in specialized national security work may adopt necessary ways and methods according to the law, relevant departments and localities shall provide support and coordination within the scope of their duties.

Article 76: The State strengthens news, propaganda and public opinion guidance concerning national security, it conducts national security propaganda and education activities in many forms, it will bring national security education into compulsory education systems and public servant education and training systems, and strengthens the national security consciousness of the entire population.

Chapter VI: The duties and rights of citizens and organizations

Article 77: Citizens and organizations shall have the duty to carry out the following matters to safeguard national security:

(1) abiding by the provisions in the Constitution, laws and regulations concerning national security

(2) timely reporting clues concerning acts harming national security;

(3) truthfully providing evidence involving acts harming national security of which they are aware;

(4) providing convenient conditions or other kinds of assistance to national security work;

(5) providing the necessary support and assistance to national security bodies, public security bodies and relevant military bodies;

(6) keeping State secrets of which they are aware;

(7) other duties as provided in laws and administrative regulations.

No person or organization may act in a manner harming national security, or may provide any kind of assistance or cooperation to individuals or organizations harming national security.

Article 78: Bodies, people’s organizations, enterprises, undertakings and other social organizations shall educate these work units’ personnel about safeguarding national security, mobilize and organize these work units’ personnel to prevent and curb acts harming national security.

Article 79: Enterprises and undertakings shall, according to the demands of national security work, cooperate with relevant departments that adopt corresponding security measures.

Article 80: Citizens and organizations who act to support or assist national security works are protected by the law.

Where the personal security a person or their near relatives is endangered because of assistance in national security work, they may request protection with public security bodies or national security bodies. Public security bodies and national security bodies shall adopt protection measures jointly with relevant departments, according to the law.

Article 81: Where citizens or organizations support or assist national security work leading to damage to assets, compensation shall be granted according to relevant State regulations; where it results in personal harm or death, preferential treatment shall be extended to the bereaved according to relevant State regulations.

Article 82: Citizens and organizations have the right to put forward critical suggestions concerning national security work to State bodies, and have the right to put forward complaints, accusations and reports against unlawful acts or acts of neglect by State bodies and their work personnel in national security work.

Article 83: When it is necessary to adopt exceptional measures limiting citizens’ rights and liberties in national security work, it will be handled according to the law, and be delimited by the real needs of safeguarding national security.

Chapter VII: Supplementary principles

Article 84: This Law takes effect on the date of promulgation.

 

中华人民共和国国家安全法(2015年7月1日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十五次会议通过)第一章 总则

第一条 为了维护国家安全,保卫人民民主专政的政权和中国特色社会主义制度,保护人民的根本利益,保障改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的顺利进行,实现中华民族伟大复兴,根据宪法,制定本法。

第二条 国家安全是指国家政权、主权、统一和领土完整、人民福祉、经济社会可持续发展和国家其他重大利益相对处于没有危险和不受内外威胁的状态,以及保障持续安全状态的能力。

第三条 国家安全工作应当坚持总体国家安全观,以人民安全为宗旨,以政治安全为根本,以经济安全为基础,以军事、文化、社会安全为保障,以促进国际安全为依托,维护各领域国家安全,构建国家安全体系,走中国特色国家安全道路。

第四条 坚持中国共产党对国家安全工作的领导,建立集中统一、高效权威的国家安全领导体制。

第五条 中央国家安全领导机构负责国家安全工作的决策和议事协调,研究制定、指导实施国家安全战略和有关重大方针政策,统筹协调国家安全重大事项和重要工作,推动国家安全法治建设。

第六条 国家制定并不断完善国家安全战略,全面评估国际、国内安全形势,明确国家安全战略的指导方针、中长期目标、重点领域的国家安全政策、工作任务和措施。

第七条 维护国家安全,应当遵守宪法和法律,坚持社会主义法治原则,尊重和保障人权,依法保护公民的权利和自由。

第八条 维护国家安全,应当与经济社会发展相协调。

国家安全工作应当统筹内部安全和外部安全、国土安全和国民安全、传统安全和非传统安全、自身安全和共同安全。

第九条 维护国家安全,应当坚持预防为主、标本兼治,专门工作与群众路线相结合,充分发挥专门机关和其他有关机关维护国家安全的职能作用,广泛动员公民和组织,防范、制止和依法惩治危害国家安全的行为。

第十条 维护国家安全,应当坚持互信、互利、平等、协作,积极同外国政府和国际组织开展安全交流合作,履行国际安全义务,促进共同安全,维护世界和平。

第十一条 中华人民共和国公民、一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织,都有维护国家安全的责任和义务。

中国的主权和领土完整不容侵犯和分割。维护国家主权、统一和领土完整是包括港澳同胞和台湾同胞在内的全中国人民的共同义务。

第十二条 国家对在维护国家安全工作中作出突出贡献的个人和组织给予表彰和奖励。

第十三条 国家机关工作人员在国家安全工作和涉及国家安全活动中,滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的,依法追究法律责任。

任何个人和组织违反本法和有关法律,不履行维护国家安全义务或者从事危害国家安全活动的,依法追究法律责任。

第十四条 每年4月15日为全民国家安全教育日。第二章 维护国家安全的任务

第十五条 国家坚持中国共产党的领导,维护中国特色社会主义制度,发展社会主义民主政治,健全社会主义法治,强化权力运行制约和监督机制,保障人民当家作主的各项权利。

国家防范、制止和依法惩治任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱、颠覆或者煽动颠覆人民民主专政政权的行为;防范、制止和依法惩治窃取、泄露国家秘密等危害国家安全的行为;防范、制止和依法惩治境外势力的渗透、破坏、颠覆、分裂活动。

第十六条 国家维护和发展最广大人民的根本利益,保卫人民安全,创造良好生存发展条件和安定工作生活环境,保障公民的生命财产安全和其他合法权益。

第十七条 国家加强边防、海防和空防建设,采取一切必要的防卫和管控措施,保卫领陆、内水、领海和领空安全,维护国家领土主权和海洋权益。

第十八条 国家加强武装力量革命化、现代化、正规化建设,建设与保卫国家安全和发展利益需要相适应的武装力量;实施积极防御军事战略方针,防备和抵御侵略,制止武装颠覆和分裂;开展国际军事安全合作,实施联合国维和、国际救援、海上护航和维护国家海外利益的军事行动,维护国家主权、安全、领土完整、发展利益和世界和平。

第十九条 国家维护国家基本经济制度和社会主义市场经济秩序,健全预防和化解经济安全风险的制度机制,保障关系国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域、重点产业、重大基础设施和重大建设项目以及其他重大经济利益安全。

第二十条 国家健全金融宏观审慎管理和金融风险防范、处置机制,加强金融基础设施和基础能力建设,防范和化解系统性、区域性金融风险,防范和抵御外部金融风险的冲击。

第二十一条 国家合理利用和保护资源能源,有效管控战略资源能源的开发,加强战略资源能源储备,完善资源能源运输战略通道建设和安全保护措施,加强国际资源能源合作,全面提升应急保障能力,保障经济社会发展所需的资源能源持续、可靠和有效供给。

第二十二条 国家健全粮食安全保障体系,保护和提高粮食综合生产能力,完善粮食储备制度、流通体系和市场调控机制,健全粮食安全预警制度,保障粮食供给和质量安全。

第二十三条 国家坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向,继承和弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化,培育和践行社会主义核心价值观,防范和抵制不良文化的影响,掌握意识形态领域主导权,增强文化整体实力和竞争力。

第二十四条 国家加强自主创新能力建设,加快发展自主可控的战略高新技术和重要领域核心关键技术,加强知识产权的运用、保护和科技保密能力建设,保障重大技术和工程的安全。

第二十五条 国家建设网络与信息安全保障体系,提升网络与信息安全保护能力,加强网络和信息技术的创新研究和开发应用,实现网络和信息核心技术、关键基础设施和重要领域信息系统及数据的安全可控;加强网络管理,防范、制止和依法惩治网络攻击、网络入侵、网络窃密、散布违法有害信息等网络违法犯罪行为,维护国家网络空间主权、安全和发展利益。

第二十六条 国家坚持和完善民族区域自治制度,巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系。坚持各民族一律平等,加强民族交往、交流、交融,防范、制止和依法惩治民族分裂活动,维护国家统一、民族团结和社会和谐,实现各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展。

第二十七条 国家依法保护公民宗教信仰自由和正常宗教活动,坚持宗教独立自主自办的原则,防范、制止和依法惩治利用宗教名义进行危害国家安全的违法犯罪活动,反对境外势力干涉境内宗教事务,维护正常宗教活动秩序。

国家依法取缔邪教组织,防范、制止和依法惩治邪教违法犯罪活动。

第二十八条 国家反对一切形式的恐怖主义和极端主义,加强防范和处置恐怖主义的能力建设,依法开展情报、调查、防范、处置以及资金监管等工作,依法取缔恐怖活动组织和严厉惩治暴力恐怖活动。

第二十九条 国家健全有效预防和化解社会矛盾的体制机制,健全公共安全体系,积极预防、减少和化解社会矛盾,妥善处置公共卫生、社会安全等影响国家安全和社会稳定的突发事件,促进社会和谐,维护公共安全和社会安定。

第三十条 国家完善生态环境保护制度体系,加大生态建设和环境保护力度,划定生态保护红线,强化生态风险的预警和防控,妥善处置突发环境事件,保障人民赖以生存发展的大气、水、土壤等自然环境和条件不受威胁和破坏,促进人与自然和谐发展。

第三十一条 国家坚持和平利用核能和核技术,加强国际合作,防止核扩散,完善防扩散机制,加强对核设施、核材料、核活动和核废料处置的安全管理、监管和保护,加强核事故应急体系和应急能力建设,防止、控制和消除核事故对公民生命健康和生态环境的危害,不断增强有效应对和防范核威胁、核攻击的能力。

第三十二条 国家坚持和平探索和利用外层空间、国际海底区域和极地,增强安全进出、科学考察、开发利用的能力,加强国际合作,维护我国在外层空间、国际海底区域和极地的活动、资产和其他利益的安全。

第三十三条 国家依法采取必要措施,保护海外中国公民、组织和机构的安全和正当权益,保护国家的海外利益不受威胁和侵害。

第三十四条 国家根据经济社会发展和国家发展利益的需要,不断完善维护国家安全的任务。第三章 维护国家安全的职责

第三十五条 全国人民代表大会依照宪法规定,决定战争和和平的问题,行使宪法规定的涉及国家安全的其他职权。

全国人民代表大会常务委员会依照宪法规定,决定战争状态的宣布,决定全国总动员或者局部动员,决定全国或者个别省、自治区、直辖市进入紧急状态,行使宪法规定的和全国人民代表大会授予的涉及国家安全的其他职权。

第三十六条 中华人民共和国主席根据全国人民代表大会的决定和全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定,宣布进入紧急状态,宣布战争状态,发布动员令,行使宪法规定的涉及国家安全的其他职权。

第三十七条 国务院根据宪法和法律,制定涉及国家安全的行政法规,规定有关行政措施,发布有关决定和命令;实施国家安全法律法规和政策;依照法律规定决定省、自治区、直辖市的范围内部分地区进入紧急状态;行使宪法法律规定的和全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会授予的涉及国家安全的其他职权。

第三十八条 中央军事委员会领导全国武装力量,决定军事战略和武装力量的作战方针,统一指挥维护国家安全的军事行动,制定涉及国家安全的军事法规,发布有关决定和命令。

第三十九条 中央国家机关各部门按照职责分工,贯彻执行国家安全方针政策和法律法规,管理指导本系统、本领域国家安全工作。

第四十条 地方各级人民代表大会和县级以上地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会在本行政区域内,保证国家安全法律法规的遵守和执行。

地方各级人民政府依照法律法规规定管理本行政区域内的国家安全工作。

香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区应当履行维护国家安全的责任。

第四十一条 人民法院依照法律规定行使审判权,人民检察院依照法律规定行使检察权,惩治危害国家安全的犯罪。

第四十二条 国家安全机关、公安机关依法搜集涉及国家安全的情报信息,在国家安全工作中依法行使侦查、拘留、预审和执行逮捕以及法律规定的其他职权。

有关军事机关在国家安全工作中依法行使相关职权。

第四十三条 国家机关及其工作人员在履行职责时,应当贯彻维护国家安全的原则。

国家机关及其工作人员在国家安全工作和涉及国家安全活动中,应当严格依法履行职责,不得超越职权、滥用职权,不得侵犯个人和组织的合法权益。第四章 国家安全制度

第一节 一般规定

第四十四条 中央国家安全领导机构实行统分结合、协调高效的国家安全制度与工作机制。

第四十五条 国家建立国家安全重点领域工作协调机制,统筹协调中央有关职能部门推进相关工作。

第四十六条 国家建立国家安全工作督促检查和责任追究机制,确保国家安全战略和重大部署贯彻落实。

第四十七条 各部门、各地区应当采取有效措施,贯彻实施国家安全战略。

第四十八条 国家根据维护国家安全工作需要,建立跨部门会商工作机制,就维护国家安全工作的重大事项进行会商研判,提出意见和建议。

第四十九条 国家建立中央与地方之间、部门之间、军地之间以及地区之间关于国家安全的协同联动机制。

第五十条 国家建立国家安全决策咨询机制,组织专家和有关方面开展对国家安全形势的分析研判,推进国家安全的科学决策。

第二节 情报信息

第五十一条 国家健全统一归口、反应灵敏、准确高效、运转顺畅的情报信息收集、研判和使用制度,建立情报信息工作协调机制,实现情报信息的及时收集、准确研判、有效使用和共享。

第五十二条 国家安全机关、公安机关、有关军事机关根据职责分工,依法搜集涉及国家安全的情报信息。

国家机关各部门在履行职责过程中,对于获取的涉及国家安全的有关信息应当及时上报。

第五十三条 开展情报信息工作,应当充分运用现代科学技术手段,加强对情报信息的鉴别、筛选、综合和研判分析。

第五十四条 情报信息的报送应当及时、准确、客观,不得迟报、漏报、瞒报和谎报。

第三节 风险预防、评估和预警

第五十五条 国家制定完善应对各领域国家安全风险预案。

第五十六条 国家建立国家安全风险评估机制,定期开展各领域国家安全风险调查评估。

有关部门应当定期向中央国家安全领导机构提交国家安全风险评估报告。

第五十七条 国家健全国家安全风险监测预警制度,根据国家安全风险程度,及时发布相应风险预警。

第五十八条 对可能即将发生或者已经发生的危害国家安全的事件,县级以上地方人民政府及其有关主管部门应当立即按照规定向上一级人民政府及其有关主管部门报告,必要时可以越级上报。

第四节 审查监管

第五十九条 国家建立国家安全审查和监管的制度和机制,对影响或者可能影响国家安全的外商投资、特定物项和关键技术、网络信息技术产品和服务、涉及国家安全事项的建设项目,以及其他重大事项和活动,进行国家安全审查,有效预防和化解国家安全风险。

第六十条 中央国家机关各部门依照法律、行政法规行使国家安全审查职责,依法作出国家安全审查决定或者提出安全审查意见并监督执行。

第六十一条 省、自治区、直辖市依法负责本行政区域内有关国家安全审查和监管工作。

第五节 危机管控

第六十二条 国家建立统一领导、协同联动、有序高效的国家安全危机管控制度。

第六十三条 发生危及国家安全的重大事件,中央有关部门和有关地方根据中央国家安全领导机构的统一部署,依法启动应急预案,采取管控处置措施。

第六十四条 发生危及国家安全的特别重大事件,需要进入紧急状态、战争状态或者进行全国总动员、局部动员的,由全国人民代表大会、全国人民代表大会常务委员会或者国务院依照宪法和有关法律规定的权限和程序决定。

第六十五条 国家决定进入紧急状态、战争状态或者实施国防动员后,履行国家安全危机管控职责的有关机关依照法律规定或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会规定,有权采取限制公民和组织权利、增加公民和组织义务的特别措施。

第六十六条 履行国家安全危机管控职责的有关机关依法采取处置国家安全危机的管控措施,应当与国家安全危机可能造成的危害的性质、程度和范围相适应;有多种措施可供选择的,应当选择有利于最大程度保护公民、组织权益的措施。

第六十七条 国家健全国家安全危机的信息报告和发布机制。

国家安全危机事件发生后,履行国家安全危机管控职责的有关机关,应当按照规定准确、及时报告,并依法将有关国家安全危机事件发生、发展、管控处置及善后情况统一向社会发布。

第六十八条 国家安全威胁和危害得到控制或者消除后,应当及时解除管控处置措施,做好善后工作。第五章 国家安全保障

第六十九条 国家健全国家安全保障体系,增强维护国家安全的能力。

第七十条 国家健全国家安全法律制度体系,推动国家安全法治建设。

第七十一条 国家加大对国家安全各项建设的投入,保障国家安全工作所需经费和装备。

第七十二条 承担国家安全战略物资储备任务的单位,应当按照国家有关规定和标准对国家安全物资进行收储、保管和维护,定期调整更换,保证储备物资的使用效能和安全。

第七十三条 鼓励国家安全领域科技创新,发挥科技在维护国家安全中的作用。

第七十四条 国家采取必要措施,招录、培养和管理国家安全工作专门人才和特殊人才。

根据维护国家安全工作的需要,国家依法保护有关机关专门从事国家安全工作人员的身份和合法权益,加大人身保护和安置保障力度。

第七十五条 国家安全机关、公安机关、有关军事机关开展国家安全专门工作,可以依法采取必要手段和方式,有关部门和地方应当在职责范围内提供支持和配合。

第七十六条 国家加强国家安全新闻宣传和舆论引导,通过多种形式开展国家安全宣传教育活动,将国家安全教育纳入国民教育体系和公务员教育培训体系,增强全民国家安全意识。第六章 公民、组织的义务和权利

第七十七条 公民和组织应当履行下列维护国家安全的义务:

(一)遵守宪法、法律法规关于国家安全的有关规定;

(二)及时报告危害国家安全活动的线索;

(三)如实提供所知悉的涉及危害国家安全活动的证据;

(四)为国家安全工作提供便利条件或者其他协助;

(五)向国家安全机关、公安机关和有关军事机关提供必要的支持和协助;

(六)保守所知悉的国家秘密;

(七)法律、行政法规规定的其他义务。

任何个人和组织不得有危害国家安全的行为,不得向危害国家安全的个人或者组织提供任何资助或者协助。

第七十八条 机关、人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织应当对本单位的人员进行维护国家安全的教育,动员、组织本单位的人员防范、制止危害国家安全的行为。

第七十九条 企业事业组织根据国家安全工作的要求,应当配合有关部门采取相关安全措施。

第八十条 公民和组织支持、协助国家安全工作的行为受法律保护。

因支持、协助国家安全工作,本人或者其近亲属的人身安全面临危险的,可以向公安机关、国家安全机关请求予以保护。公安机关、国家安全机关应当会同有关部门依法采取保护措施。

第八十一条 公民和组织因支持、协助国家安全工作导致财产损失的,按照国家有关规定给予补偿;造成人身伤害或者死亡的,按照国家有关规定给予抚恤优待。

第八十二条 公民和组织对国家安全工作有向国家机关提出批评建议的权利,对国家机关及其工作人员在国家安全工作中的违法失职行为有提出申诉、控告和检举的权利。

第八十三条 在国家安全工作中,需要采取限制公民权利和自由的特别措施时,应当依法进行,并以维护国家安全的实际需要为限度。

第七章 附则

第八十四条 本法自公布之日起施行。